Three-dimensional Localization Method Research Using One-dimensional Angle Of Arrival And Doppler Frequency Shift Measurements

Passive localization has been widely applied in both military and civilian fields.Target localization requires various location parameters,e.g.,time of arrival,time difference of arrival,Doppler frequency shift(DFS)and angle of arrival(AOA).It's difficult to estimate the time parameters accurately when the bandwidth of the signal is very narrow or the signal is the high pulse repetition frequency signal.In this case,the AOA and DFS measurements can be estimated accurately.Classical methods for the three-dimensional(3-D)localization problem with the azimuth and elevation angles have been proposed,in which the two-dimensional planar arrays are needed.On the one hand,the two-dimensional planar arrays require complex calibration technology,on the other hand,estimating the azimuth and elevation angles accurately is computationally expensive.Then the use of the one-dimensional(1-D)AOA obtained by line arrays can avoid the problem.Therefore,3-D localization technology using 1-D AOA and DFS measurements has important application value.However,estimating the target state fastly is very difficult due to the high nonlinearity of the location problem.Therefore,the research on closed-form solutions for the 3-D localization problem using 1-D AOA and DFS measurements is necessary.In this thesis,the problems of passive localization for stationary target,passive localization for moving target and passive localization for target in the presence of receiver location errors are studied.Besides,the closed-form solutions for each problem are proposed.The main contents of this thesis are summarized as:1.For the stationary target localization in a 3-D space using 1-D AOA and DFS measurements,two closed-form solutions based on pseudo-linearization method and return-to-zero matrix are proposed,respectively.Compared to the state-of-the-art algorithm,these two methods achieve higher target localization accuracy.2.To solve the problem of moving target localization in a 3-D space using 1-D AOA and DFS measurements,this thesis proposes two closed-form solutions: the localization method using the pseudo-linearization technique and the closed-form solution based on the weighted spherical interpolation method,which estimate the position and velocity of target accurately.3.To improve the localization accuracy of the stationary target and the moving target using 1-D AOA and DFS measurements in the presence of receiver position errors,the location model with receiver location errors is considered,then several closed-form methods are developed to alleviate the impact of receiver location errors on the localization accuracy.The validity of the proposed closed-form methods in this thesis are verified by theoretical analysis and simulations.Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed closed-form solutions in this thesis achieve the Cramér-Rao lower bound accuracy in small noise region.