Research And Design Of Pattern-reconfigurable Antenna Based On Phase Modulation Units

With the research and development of intelligent wear,automatic driving,multi-network fusion,etc.,terminal electronic equipment has more and more requirements for large bandwidth,multi-beam and reconfigurable wireless system.However,the volume and weight of the wireless terminal often have strict limits,so the antennas which undertake the signal transceiver task of terminals need to achieve higher performance indicators in a limited volume.In this paper,the design of the miniaturized planar antenna based on the electromagnetic modulation theory of the phase modulation unit.By optimizing the method of the phase modulation unit loading,a high gain antenna and a pattern reconfigurable antenna are designed and implemented,respectively.The main research content and innovation points are as follows:Aiming at the problem of low gain of the planar patch antenna,based on the principle that the phase modulation unit can realize in-phase reflection of the electromagnetic wave,this paper uses the loading method of surround layout to load the phase modulation units with stable phase-shifting ability and low loss on the same plane of the microstrip antenna.Under the condition of maintaining low profile and impedance bandwidth of the antenna,the antenna gain is improved by optimizing the loading layout.After testing,the gain of the designed microstrip array antenna is increased by 2d B in the range of 23.5?24.5GHz,and the maximum radiation gain is 14.5d Bi.The wavelength size of the antenna at 24GHz is 2.56?₀×1.48?₀×0.06?₀.Aiming at the beam reconstruction requirements of miniaturized planar antenna,based on the antenna near field phase modulation theory,this paper realizes the beam scanning function of planar single antenna by using the design method of loading reconfigurable phase modulation unit at the front end of Vivaldi antenna.The reconfigurable unit is designed by using the method of PIN diode loading and diode state switching to realize the reconstruction of phase shift capability.By optimizing the structure of the phase modulation unit,it can meet the requirements of wide band,low loss and obvious switching of phase-shifting ability.The proposed pattern reconstructed single antenna can achieve a beam scanning range of-14°?14°over 8?10GHz,with maximum gain of11.2d Bi and scanning loss of less than 1.9d B in frequency band.The wavelength size of the antenna at 8GHz is 2.40?₀×1.20?₀×0.01?₀,which meets the requirements of high gain,miniaturization,low profile,high precision and fast speed scanning,and has a certain reference significance for the design of terminal communication antenna.