Research Of Routing Mechanism And Positioning Algorithm In Wireless Sensor Networks

Nowadays,the application of the Internet of Things technology in all aspects of our lives is becoming more and more common.In the related technology of the Internet of Things,the application and development of Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN)technology have also received more and more attention,among which node positioning Technology and routing technology are extremely important key technologies in WSN.WSN node positioning technology can obtain the position of a node through the positional relationship between nodes,which is simple and easy to implement and low in cost,but its positioning accuracy is unstable under different working environments.WSN uses primary energy because of its characteristics,and both data collection and data transmission generate energy consumption.Improving the positioning accuracy of wireless sensor networks at low cost,positioning stability under different beacon ratios and communication radii,and reducing node energy consumption have become the key issues that WSN needs to solve.Here,the following work is mainly done.(1)The concepts of routing algorithm and positioning algorithm in WSN are introduced.The LEACH routing algorithm and DV-Hop positioning algorithm are analyzed.The algorithm structure,working process,advantages and disadvantages are analyzed,and experimental simulation is performed.The improvement made theoretical support.(2)Based on the LEACH routing algorithm,in view of the clustering method of the algorithm and the shortcomings in data communication transmission,a hybrid optimized routing algorithm of particle swarm optimization and ant colony algorithm is proposed,and particle swarm optimization is used for clustering optimization.This ensures that the cluster distribution is more reasonable.In the data transmission phase,the ant colony algorithm is used to select the transmission path,and the multi-hop communication method is used for data transmission to reduce the energy consumption of the network in data transmission.Simulation results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the node compared with the classic LEACH algorithm,and the working time is extended by about 1.45 times,which solves the energy consumption problem in the process of network data transmission.(3)Aiming at the DV-Hop algorithm with a large error in calculating the number of hops and hops,an improved multi-radius DV-Hop positioning algorithm based on the frog-hop algorithm optimization is proposed.The three-radius radius is used for broadcast communication.This makes the calculation of the number of hops more accurate,and then uses the frog jumping algorithm to calculate the average hop distance,which improves the positioning accuracy of the algorithm.Experimental results show that the improved positioning algorithm has better positioning accuracy than the classic DV-Hop positioning algorithm,and the positioning accuracy is improved by about 55.9%.And it has better stability when facing different communication radii and different beacon node ratios.