Research On The Security Chip Based On Bulk Current Sensor Against Laser Fault Injection Attack

With the rapid development of modern information technology,network and hardware equipment are faced with serious information security problems.Information security mainly includes network security and hardware device security.This paper mainly studies hardware device security,information storage security of semiconductor chips.Since there is no protective layer underneath the chip,the semi-intrusive attacks introduced from the chip pose a great threat to semiconductor chips.In the semi-invasive attack,the most threatening one is the Laser Fault Injection(LFI)attack,which irradiates the memory unit with the laser and uses the photon to interfere with the normal operation of the cryptography device,resulting in the transient current in the transistor and then the state of the transistor will be changed.Therefore,a security chip based on the substrate current sensor is implemented to resist the laser fault injection attack and to protect the security of hardware devices.The specific work involves the following aspects:1.The principle of laser fault injection attack and several common attack means and tools are introduced.2.Design and implementation of bulk detection unit.By fully understanding the characteristics of the attack,a detection circuit combining a distributed Current Sensor and a Secure Code Eraser are designed in detail.The bulk current sensor is used to detect the chip attacked by laser fault injection and give an alarm.The secure code eraser can eliminate the error message generated by the laser fault injection attack during the subsequent encryption process.3.Application of library characterization.To improve the sensitivity of the detection,the detection circuit is densely distributed throughout the encryption core,which leads to the great complexity of the analog back-end process.Therefore,this paper adopts the method of Library Characterization to unify the digital standard of the detection circuit,which makes it compatible with the digital back-end design process,improves the integration speed of the whole chip and reduces the investment of various kinds of costs.4.Hardware implementation of AES algorithm.The AES encryption algorithm is used as a secure encryption platform.In the process of the hardware implementation of the AES encryption algorithm,the hierarchical pipeline structure within the feedback wheel is adopted.This structure has the advantages of high speed and smaller area.The chip is designed based on the SMIC 180 nm standard CMOS process.The simulation results show that the security chip anti-laser fault injection attack detection circuit designed in this paper can detect the change of the bulk voltage down to 0.5V caused by the laser error injection attack,so as to realize the effective protection against the semi-invasive attack caused by the laser error injection.