Dual Polarization Two Dimensional Array Antenna For 5G Applications

In recent years,the fifth-generation mobile communication technology(5G)has been researched and distributed in many countries in the world.Especially in the last two years,the first batch of 5G base stations has been built at home and abroad.The base station antennas used in 5G communication obtain high gain and multi beams through large-scale array arrangement to obtain a higher communication rate.To reduce the cost,analog-digital hybrid beamforming is usually used to feed the antenna arrays.And,if we want to obtain a higher gain,the air feed scheme can be used in ultra large scale antenna arrays.However,no matter how the array is fed,the feeding part will bring more structural complexity when it is designed with dual polarization.Therefore,based on the above two feeding schemes,this paper mainly proposes three two-dimensional antenna arrays.Two of them are antenna arrays with analog-digital hybrid beamforming operating at Sub-6GHz,and one of them is a transmit array operating at mm-Wave.The details are as follows:(1)A dual-polarized two-dimensional multi-beam antenna array with vertical cross structure operating at Sub-6GHz is proposed by using an analog-digital hybrid beamforming scheme.The dual-polarized two-dimensional array is formed by crossing multiple one-dimensional single polarized multi-beam antennas.The array and the feeding network are designed in an integrated way without an additional connection structure.Thanks to this vertical cross structure,the size of the antenna array can be expanded by simply increasing the number of input and output ports of a one-dimensional,multi-beam network.(2)To reduce the above vertical cross structure,a dual-polarized two-dimensional multi-beam antenna array with a parallel superposition structure is proposed.The array uses the stacked structure of slot fed patch antenna to convert the original multibeam feeding network vertically to parallel.Because the antenna is centrosymmetric itself,the cross-polarization level can be very low.This scheme not only greatly reduces the profile of the analog beamforming part,but also solves the complex problem of the vertical cross structure assembly process,which is more convenient for practical use.(3)Based on the air feed scheme,a dual-band quadruple-polarized transmit array is proposed in a millimeter-wave band.The transmit array adopts the design method that the lower band and higher band antennas share the same aperture.The lower band narrow strip patch is inclined by ±45° and then the higher band narrow strip patch is placed horizontally/vertically and arranged in the square gap of the lower band array to realize a compact dual-band quadruple-polarized transmit array.The operating frequency of the transmit array is 25.9/39.8GHz with dual polarization characteristics at each band,and its 3d B gain bandwidth covers the n258(24.25-27.5GHz)and n260(37-40GHz)bands of 5G communication,with a peak gain of 27.9dBi.