| With the development of new concepts and industries such as Internet of Everything and Smart City,location services are becoming more and more significant in people’s daily life.How to achieve high-precision location services has been a hot spot for research.The current urban environment is complex and diverse,especially in indoor areas,where the signal is easily affected by multipath and non-sight distance factors in the transmission process,leading to the decrease of positioning performance.At present,the joint multi-base station positioning method suffers from high deployment cost of base station.5G network commercialization is gradually maturing,and the research of related technologies provide conditions for the implementation of single-base station positioning.Therefore,this paper explores the improvement of angle and delay estimation capability of 5G technology represented by large-scale antenna array in combination with the characteristics of 5G networking technology,and provides new solutions for the realization of positioning services in complex indoor and outdoor environments.According to the main influencing factors of positioning accuracy in the process of single base station positioning,the work of this paper is organized into the following main areas of research.1.This paper analyzes the main features of 5G networking technology.The ultra-dense networking technology makes the coverage capability of base stations improved,the large-scale antenna technology improves the estimation capability of angle and delay,and combines with millimeter wave to realize high-density beamforming,which lays the foundation for the realization of single base station positioning.Several common positioning techniques based on mobile communication networks are also analyzed to illustrate the advantages of single-base station positioning,the principle of single-base station positioning and the main factors affecting the accuracy of single-base station positioning are analyzed to identify the problem-solving ideas for the next research.2.To address the far and near field problems in single base station positioning,the traditional far and near field angular time delay estimation algorithm suffers from the deficiencies of parameter matching and the need for constant spectrum search.The method,in this paper,integrates the advantages of MUSIC and ESPRIT,and accomplishes the joint estimation of high-precision angular time delay with less search times and no parameter matching.More importantly,by introducing the frequency domain received signal,the time delay estimation under the far-field model is achieved,which provides a strong data support for seamless high-precision positioning.3.To address the problems such as interference from non-visible base stations in the process of single base station positioning,this paper proposes a new 5G positioning architecture by combining the characteristics of 5G beams,and completes the primary selection of visible base stations in open areas by using the characteristics of beam directivity.In complex environments with more non-line-of-sight multipath interference,this paper proposes a PDR-constrained non-line-of-sight path determination method.Finally,in the final position solution stage,the concept of virtual base station is introduced,and a quadratic weighted position estimation method is proposed using multipath redundant information fused with PDR in the case of multiple reflections of multiple paths.Through the analysis and judgment of the advantages of single base station positioning in 5G network,the single base station positioning method proposed in this paper has high positioning accuracy,especially in harsh environments,which provides some ideas and methods for the future research of single base station positioning algorithms. |
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