Research On Key Technologies Of Development And Application Of Standard Photon Detector

In recent years,the rapid development of photonics has promoted the prosperity of frontier science and technology fields,including quantum information,biomedicine,mapping and remote sensing,and also put forward higher demand for photon metrology technology.National Metrology organizations all over the world have carried out new research on photon metrology technology and made positive progress.The most important part of photon measurement technology is to develop standard photon detector and standard photon source.In this paper,the working principle and characters of common photon detectors are introduced in detail,and determine to develop standard photon detector based on PMT according to the corresponding requirements.In view of the non-uniform spatial response of PMT,we designs a scheme to transform PMT by integrating sphere.The best parameters of the integrating sphere are determined by simulating the integrating sphere with Tracepro software.The experimental results show that compared with the PMT,the spatial response uniformity of the integrating sphere-PMT system is significantly improved,which effectively solves the problem of PMT.Due to the spectral responsivity of PMT will be affected by the power level of incident light(i.e.linearity problem),this paper designs a scheme based on optical fiber system,and uses three kinds of detector to measure the linearity of PMT.The experimental results show that the linearity and relative uncertainty of PMT are poor at the level of few photons,so it is necessary to calibrate the linearity of PMT to achieve accurate measurement of spectral responsivity.In addition,compared with the traditional PBS based linearity measurement system,the optical fiber based linearity measurement system effectively reduces the dark count,and enables the linearity measurement to reach the level of 8 flying watt.Finally,the improved PMT scheme designed in this paper can play an positive role in some related fields,such as:the PMT modified by integrating sphere can be used to calibrate the spectral photon radiance and spectral photon irradiance;PMT with linearity calibration can be used to calibrate the superimposed transmittance of filters at the photon level to obtain the accurate power value of the weak photon source.In this paper,the research on the key technologies in the development of standard photon detector based on PMT not only solves some defects of PMT,fully exploits its potential to become a standard photon detector,but also make each improvement scheme expand the practical application of PMT,which has positive meaning and promotion value.