Research On The Cultivation Of Programming Ability Of High School Students Based On PRIMM Teaching Method And Visual Tracking Strategy

In the era of intelligence,there are still many challenges in the generalization of programming ability and students’ entry into programming that need to be solved urgently.The study found that lack of program understanding is an important reason for novice programmers to get into programming difficulties.Therefore,this study conducts programming ability training research from the perspective of program understanding.This study first collects relevant literature in the field of programming,and analyzes the existing research results such as teaching strategies and teaching tools.Based on constructivism theory,cooperative learning theory and social and cultural theory,a programming ability training teaching mode based on program understanding is designed.This mode combines the "Predict-Run-Investigate-Modify-Make"（PRIMM）teaching method and the Python Tutor visual tracking tool to intervene in students’ new programming knowledge learning and consolidation training: Based on problem-based and oriented learning scaffolds,it incorporates pair programming strategies to train students’ code tracking and code interpretation skills,and improve their programming abilities.Based on the teaching model constructed in this study,the methods of investigation and research,experimental research and discourse analysis are used to conduct teaching research in G middle school and H Middle School in Shanghai to explore the effectiveness of the teaching model and the changes of students’ program understanding ability in programming learning.By comparing the programming knowledge test of the experimental class and the control class in the first round of teaching practice,the results show that the teaching model proposed in this study is more conducive to promoting students’ mastery of programming knowledge.This paper organizes and analyzes the discourse discussion content of the student group in the second round of teaching practice,and further expounds the beneficial impact of this teaching mode on programming learning,including teaching tools,learning peers and teaching strategies.The study found that visualization tools can effectively help students overcome the problem of code tracking and smoothly develop the primary skills of programming.The peer programming method that highlights the discourse discussion is conducive to promoting the internalization of programming concepts and supporting the development of intermediate skills in programming,but the role reversal of group members in the process of peer learning is the key to effective learning.The teaching strategy of "reading before writing" respects the psychological development law of novice programmers,and the gradual teaching content and learning support jointly promote the development of programming ability.Solo coding,which reflects the level of programming abstract understanding,is used to analyze the learning performance of middle school students in the second round of teaching practice,and the coding frequency of the whole class and the coding distribution of individual students are counted.According to the coding results,the overall program understanding ability of the class has been significantly improved.The development conclusion of students’ individual programming abstract understanding level is consistent with the conclusion of discourse analysis: When the level of members in the group is similar,they can achieve positive and stable development together.When there is a large gap in the level of members in the group,the ability development of those with lower level is limited.