Effects Of Mindfulness-based Breathing Training Based On FNIRS Technology On Executive Function And Motor Skill Level Of Tennis Players

Tennis is a skill-dominated net-netting sport that requires players to react quickly and adapt to changing task demands in a short period of time.In recent years,more and more researchers have begun to pay attention to the importance of athlete’s cognitive ability,among which executive function is very important to athlete’s sports technical level.Executive function,a high-level cognitive function associated with prefrontal activity unique to the human brain,is in many cases critical for goal-directed creativity and problem-solving in a short period of time,and is therefore considered to be a An important component in the athletic performance of tennis players.There are many intervention methods for improving executive function.Among them,mindfulness-based interventions have received more and more attention,including techniques such as mindfulness of breathing,body scanning,and mindfulness yoga.However,the effects of different mindfulness methods are still controversial.And its application in the field of sports is less,and its mechanism remains to be clarified.A total of 36 tennis players(male,female,age)were included in this study,including 18 in the mindful breathing group and 18 in the conventional control group.The mindfulness-breathing group underwent mindfulness-breathing interventions no less than 5 times a week for 4 weeks,including concentrated practice twice a week,and the rest of the time through the APP to check in and practice independently for10-15 minutes each time,while the control group maintained the original living habits.Before and after the intervention,the five-factor mindfulness questionnaire(FFMQ),the motor skill level test,the computer-aided test Stroop execution task combined with the functional near-infrared spectroscopy(Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy,f NIRS)technology were comprehensively applied,and repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the data of the above indicators.An analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of mindful breathing training on executive function and motor performance in tennis players and to observe changes in activation of relevant brain regions before and after the intervention.In order to reveal the effect and cerebral hemodynamic response of mindful breathing on the executive function and sports performance of tennis players,and provide experimental reference and theoretical basis for improving the executive function and sports performance of tennis players through mind-body therapy.The results of the FFMQ scale showed that,compared with before the intervention,the scores of the "observation" and "non-response" dimensions and the total score of the subjects in the mindful breathing group increased significantly after the intervention,P<0.05,and after the intervention,the mindful breathing group showed a significant increase.The total score was significantly higher than that of the control group.The results of the tennis skill level test showed that compared with the control group,the subjects in the mindful breathing group had a significant improvement in the skill of volleying after the intervention,P<0.05.The Stroop task test found that compared with inconsistent tasks,subjects responded faster to neutral and consistent tasks,and the main effect of task type was significant P < 0.05;Under the conditions of consistent task and inconsistent task,the reaction time of the mindful breathing group after the intervention was significantly faster than that before the intervention,and was significantly faster than the control group after the intervention P<0.05;and in terms of the correct rate,the two groups of subjects performed Stroop There were no significant differences before and after the task.The f NIRS results showed that after the intervention,the mindful breathing group had significantly higher levels of oxyhemoglobin in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex when performing the Stroop-inconsistent task.Conclusion: A 4-week,no less than 5 times a week,10-15 minutes of mindful breathing training for tennis players,compared with pure tennis-specific training:(1)The level of mindfulness has been effectively improved,including two dimensions of observation and non-reaction;(2)The special skill level of volleyball has been significantly improved,that is,the ability to judge and respond to incoming balls is faster.(3)Significantly speed up the reaction in executing Stroop consistent and inconsistent tasks,improving the execution ability.(4)It enhanced the cerebral blood flow signal in the left prefrontal cortex of the brain during the Stroop conflict task,and improved the ability of attention control.