Comparative Study On Teacher Identity System In China And Japan ——Also On The Feasibility Of Implementing Teacher Public Servant System In China

After the Second World War,Japan successively promulgated a series of laws aimed at guaranteeing the status and treatment of teachers,such as the "Special Act for Educational Personnel" " Talent Assurance Act".It has not only established the public servant status of public teachers of compulsory education in Japan,but also formed a set of perfect educational public servant system.In January 2018,China promulgated the opinions on comprehensively deepening the reform of the construction of teachers in the new era,which stated: "establish the special legal status of public primary and secondary school teachers as public officials." This statement shows that China has started to implement the policy trend of the teacher civil service system.In fact,Academic circles have been calling for the establishment of China’s teacher civil service system,but there are some doubts.Therefore,this paper will take the educational civil service system of Japan as the research object,through the comparative study of the teacher identity system of China and Japan,and summarize the experience of the implementation of educational civil service in Japan,so as to provide reference for China.The paper makes a systematic comparative study of the status systems of teachers in China and Japan from four aspects: the status characteristics of teachers,the background factors of the status systems of teachers,the advantages and disadvantages of the status systems of teachers,and the policy features of the status systems of teachers.Through the comparative study this article concludes that the public school teachers into the civil service system does not guarantee that you will enjoy the servant salary standard,and can really affect the teachers’ salary,is whether the country has established a set of mature financial support system of teachers’ salary and the perfect legal system of teachers’ rights protection.Considering the importance,foundation and particularity of compulsory education,this paper holds that it is a trend to include public school compulsory education teachers into the civil service systems.However,China’s national conditions are not suitable for implementing Teacher Public Servant System for the time being,therefore the author suggests that the two-step strategy can be adopted: in the first stage,the financial burden system of teachers’ salary should be improved to ensure that teachers’ salary can reach or exceed the average income level of civil servants in practice;At the same time we also need to improve the supporting legal system for protecting teachers’ rights and interests.In the second stage,when the financial system of education is relatively mature and the legal system of teacher administration is relatively perfect,the Teacher Public Servant System should be implemented to ensure that the career of compulsory education teachers is highly attractive.And to promote the healthy and sustainable high-quality development of compulsory education in China.