Looking At The Economic Life Of Ancient Xinjiang Monasteries From Archaeological Discoveries

This paper focuses on the economic life of ancient Xinjiang monasteries.First of all,taking the sites of production areas and related relics found in Buddhist temple sites as the starting point,combined with the relevant records in unearthed documents,This paper discusses the economic life of ancient Xinjiang Buddhist monasteries and the influence of temple economy on the society at that time.The main sites found in the relevant Buddhist sites in the production area are handicraft and agricultural and animal husbandry sites,handicraft sites include pottery kilns,lime kilns,brick kilns,coinage sites,etc.Agricultural and animal husbandry sites include irrigation sites,forest sites,livestock shed sites,etc.In addition,in Gaochang City outside the Great Buddha Temple wall also found a commercial exchange.At the same time,there are also a large number of unearthed documents on the temple agricultural animal husbandry,handicraft business and engaged in loans,pawn and other commercial activities,these documents are mutually confirmed with archaeological discoveries,indicating that the ancient Xinjiang temple economy not only production economy,but also engaged in certain commercial activities.The second chapter of this article discusses the economic life of ancient Xinjiang monasteries,focusing on the production,operation and commercial activities of the monasteries,and in-depth analysis of the internal organization and management of the monasteries and the social activities of the monasteries.The production and operation of the temple includes three aspects:agricultural management,animal husbandry management and handicraft management.In terms of handicraft management,some large-scale Buddhist temple sites have also found coin-minting ruins.The author speculates that such temples should have been Buddhist holy sites in the past and enjoyed Special economic power.In the part of introducing the commercial activities of the temple,this article focuses on unearthed documents,dividing the commercial activities of the temple into three parts:land lease,house rental and sale and pawn loan activities,and puts forward new insights into several issues of the temple's commercial activities.The third chapter discusses the internal management organization of ancient Xinjiang temples.The internal management organization of temples in ancient Xinjiang was mainly composed of upper monks and various temple-level monks.The upper monks held the economic and religious rights of the monastery and were the supreme ruler of the monastery.The production and labor force of the temple is mainly servants,slaves,envoys and other dependent classes,which and the temple or attachment relationship,or temporary employment relationship.Besides this,the lower monks of the monastery also engaged in some auxiliary production labor.The Fourth chapter discusses the characteristics of ancient Xinjiang monastery economy and its social impact.This paper holds that the ancient Xinjiang monastery economy is mainly agriculture,the industrial and commercial economy type is relatively single,mainly is the land rent seed,the house rent sale and the money,the brocade,the grain and so on loan and the pawn activity these three kinds.Monastery commercial transactions are still mainly barter,barter and pure currency transactions are in the minority.The relationship between ancient Xinjiang monasteries and the surrounding residents is actually a mutually beneficial symbiosis and mutually beneficial coexistence.In the process of the development of temple economy,it not only drives the development of the surrounding economy,but also has important positive significance for the development of Buddhism itself.