Research On Li Shangyin's Poetry Plant Lexical Metaphor

Li Shangyin was one of the most successful poets in the late Tang Dynasty.There have been many comments and researches on his literary achievements.From the perspective of cognitive linguistics,this paper intends to make a microscopic study of the botanical vocabulary of Li Shangyin’s poetry,and reveal the poetry,language art and charm of Li Shangyin from one side.The object of this study is the plant vocabulary in Li Shangyin’s poetry.Li Shangyin’s poems are rich in content,of which there are hundreds of species of plants,almost as common as people living in the late Tang Dynasty.Of course,besides what we actually see,there are also typical plant images in traditional poems and essays.Why are there so many plant words in Li Shangyin’s poetry,and how do they contribute to the basic fascination of Li Shangyin’s poetry?The predecessors have studied it from the literary angle,but there is still room for further study.Especially from the perspective of cognitive linguistics,the use of literature and linguistics,with the aid of computer statistics,may be a better way to explore the use of words in Li Shangyin’s poetry on his poetic achievements.Limited to time and energy,this paper focuses on its plant vocabulary.It is found that metaphor is an important tool in Li Shangyin’s poetry.By this means,the poet visualizes the abstract images and feelings,and enables the appreciator to penetrate into the inner world of the poet’s mind by means of the imagination of the external plants,and to realize the delicate emotional world of its load.Based on the exhaustive data of plant words in Li Shangyin’s poems,this paper analyzes the problem of plant words Metaphor in Li Shangyin’s poems by using metaphor theory and related conceptual integration theory.Furthermore,we analyze the general situation and projection model of the source domain and target domain of plant metaphor in Li Shangyin’s poetry,and conclude the relevant factors and analyze the causes:(1)The source domains of plant metaphors in Li Shangyin’s poems are mainly woody plants,herbaceous plant plants,gramineous plants,and Lianas,etc.The most frequently used words were "flower"(124),followed by "Lotus"(66),"Tree"(58)and"Willow"(39).(2)There are three types of plant metaphors in Li Shangyin’s poetry:Substantive Metaphors,orientational metaphors and structural metaphors.Among them,substantial metaphor includes substantial metaphor and material metaphor,container metaphor and personification metaphor,and orientational metaphor mainly uses two kinds of metaphor concepts:up and down.(3)The metaphors of plant words in Li Shangyin’s poems are mainly represented by two semantic structures:The simultaneous appearance of the vehicle and the appearance of only the vehicle.The second is the main one.(4)The plant metaphors in Li Shangyin’s poems can be divided into two types:The poetic images of similarity metaphors and those of dissimilarity metaphors.These two types are mainly based on similarity metaphor and are characterized by the interaction between the two images of the subject and the vehicle.(5)The Metaphor of plant words in Li Shangyin’s poems has three characteristics:Delicate and sentimental metaphor,complicated metaphor and exquisite form.(6)The generative mechanism of metaphorical features of plant words in Li Shangyin’s poetry can be divided into two levels,one is Li Shangyin’s acceptance and development of the previous poets,the other is the environmental and individual factors which influence the formation of their features.Among them,the acceptance and development of the former poets include three aspects:The acceptance of Qu Yuan’s"Vanilla Beauty",the acceptance of Song Yu’s sentimental subject tradition,and the acceptance of Yu Xin’s poetic skills.