Theoretical Study On The Treatment Of Arrhythmia By Acoustic Genetic Technology

With the aging of the population and the increasing competitive pressure among young and middle-aged people,the incidence of sudden cardiac death(SCD)has been increasing year by year,and it has become the most common cause of death in industrialized countries.SCD may be caused by ventricular arrhythmia,i.e.tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation,corresponding to spiral wave and turbulence respectively in cardiac electrophysiological activities.At present,the most effective treatment of arrhythmia and SCD is implantable cardioverter-defibrillator(ICD).ICD implants electrodes in the human body and resets the electrical signal of the heart through high voltage stimulation to eliminate spiral waves and turbulence.This invasive method carries a great risk of infection.Therefore,the search for safe and non-invasive treatment of arrhythmia has been an important topic in cardiology.In this paper,we propose that sonogenetics can be used as a non-invasive treatment method for arrhythmia.We combine theoretical modeling and numerical simulation methods to study this.On the basis of the hypothetical experiment,we model the ultrasonic radiation pressure and piezo 1 channel's current,and then construct a human ventricular tissue model regulated by ultrasound based on the Fenton-Karma three-variable model.Numerical simulation experiments are carried out under this model.We show that a whole-area application of ultrasound can effectively eliminate turbulence.However,this mechanism cannot meet the requirements of the food and drug administration(FDA)for mechanical index(MI)and thermal index(TI)in the safety standards for medical ultrasound.Therefore,within the safety standards of FDA,we propose four new mechanisms to eliminate spiral wave and turbulence by sonogenetics,which are verified by numerical simulation results.Then,in order to eliminate the possibility of accidental results due to model selection,we use another ion channel model and another heart model to reproduce the above simulation results.These results confirm that sonogenetics can be used to treat arrhythmia safely,effectively and non-invasively.Our results will provide theoretical support and clinical guidance for researchers with relevant experimental background.The main innovations of this paper include:1.It is the first time to apply the neural regulation technology of sonogenetics to cardiomyocytes and to treat arrhythmias.2.Ultrasound,as a non-invasive medical method,can effectively avoid the invasive risks brought by ICD.3.The ultrasound parameters of the four therapeutic mechanisms proposed in this paper all meet the requirements of FDA for medical ultrasound on the heart,which ensures the safety of the therapeutic methods.