Research On The Theory And Application Practice Of The Construction And Development Of Commercial Marine Ranches

In view of the continuous decline of marine living resources and the aggravation of marine ecological environment pollution,marine ranch construction has been paid more and more attention due to its significant role in the restoration of biological resources and ecological environment.However,as the theory and practice of marine ranching are still in the process of perfection and exploration,the cognition of marine ranching in China is still vague and generalized.In order to clarify the development and existing problems of marine ranching from concept to practice,this paper discusses the management of Marine ranching from both theoretical and practical levels by applying the principles of economics and combining the construction and operation of the Mayidao Island Marine Ranch.Most of the existing theoretical studies on marine ranching in China are carried out from the perspective of ecology and fishery resources,but there is no explanation on marine ranching from the perspective of economics.Based on the competition of fishery resources and the exclusivity of sea areas,Marine ranches are divided into three categories: nonprofit marine ranches,namely public resources;jointly-owned marine ranches,namely club items;commercial marine ranches,namely private goods.According to the current mainstream direction and future development trend of marine ranching construction,construction and production practice,this paper analyses the commercial marine ranch construction,production and operation,and summarizes that the commercial marine ranch development system is mainly composed of three parts: namely,the ecological construction system,modern production system and operation system of industrialization.The construction system includes marine survey,planning and design,habitat construction and proliferation and release.The production system includes four parts: seedling breeding,stock enhancement and aquaculture,harvesting and circulation processing.The operation system includes four parts: organization and human resources,recreational fisheries,product development and branding.Mayidao Island is one of the earliest state-level Marine Ranching Pilots in China.It is located in Bohai Sea.As a typical commercial marine ranch,there is no successful experience for reference in the surrounding area at the beginning of construction.Historically,the natural stichopus japonicus(locally called sea cucumber)resources were abundant with high quality and good fame.Accordingly,Mayidao Island has established a marine ranching development system around the exploitation of stichopus japonicus resources.In terms of construction system establishment,Mayidao Island constructed artificial reef areas with the main goal of populating stichopus japonicus according to the resource distribution and living characteristics of stichopus japonicus.The construction site selection and planning layout of all artificial reefs should meet the needs of populating stichopus japonicus to the maximum extent.In terms of production system establishment,the source and distribution of natural sea cucumber seedlings in Mayidao Island were tracked systematically for a long time.In terms of operation system establishment,a professional marine ranch management team has been established.Combined with the tourism resources of Mayidao Island,recreational fishing activities such as angling and fishing experiencing have been carried out,and the image of Mayidao Island sea cucumber with high quality has been constantly highlighted through marketing and publicity.Through exploratory development in construction system,production system,operation system and other aspects,Mayidao Island marine ranch has achieved good economic and social benefits and has become a benchmark of commercial marine ranches.