Research On Weatherproof Reinforcement Materials Of Hongshixia And Shimao Sandstone In Northern Shaanxi

Cultural relics are remnants and relics of historical,artistic,and scientific value left over from human social activities.They are precious resources left over from various periods and reflect human civilization in production and life.The stone cultural relics in northern Shaanxi are cultural relics with stones as the main construction materials.There are different types of sandstone cultural relics in different periods and types in northern Shaanxi.However,due to the impact of long-term environmental factors,most of these sandstone cultural relics are accompanied by varying degrees of damage and various diseases,which have a huge impact on their long-term preservation.Therefore,it is an urgent issue to develop a suitable sandstone cultural relic reinforcement and maintenance material to protect its historical original appearance as much as possible.This thesis first investigates and analyzes the sandstone cultural relics in northern Shaanxi,comprehensively analyzes the occurrence environment of sandstone and the causes of their occurrence.By simulating the environment of sandstone,with the purpose of repair and protection,a compatible composite reinforcement was studied,which can maintain good air permeability,water permeability and increase the strength of its sandstone cultural relics.And in response to its long-standing salt hazard problem,a conservation method is proposed and the anti-salinization effect is improved.Therefore,the research of this paper is centered on the following parts.1.Investigation and analysis of sandstone diseases in northern ShaanxiAccording to the analysis of the types and causes of the sandstone diseases in northern Shaanxi,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,energy scattering X-ray fluorescence spectrometer,conductivity meter,etc.were used to characterize the sandstone that caused salting out diseases,and the sulfuric acid was revealed.Sulfate and chloride salts are the main salts that cause salting out of sandstone.The investigation and study of sandstone salting out diseases from the macroscopic and microscopic perspectives provide important scientific support and reference basis for future reinforcement and protection.2.Preparation and characterization of nano-barium hydroxideThe nano-barium hydroxide is prepared by the liquid-phase precipitation method,and the Physical and chemical properties and micro morphology of the experimentally prepared nano-barium hydroxide are measured by various analytical methods such as atomic force microscope,X-ray diffractometer,scanning electron microscope,laser particle size analyzer,infrared spectrometer.The results show that the prepared product particles are uniform and suitable in size,which meets the needs of research,and provides a theoretical basis for its application in practical engineering.3.Study on reinforcement of TEOS composite CB inorganic reinforcement materialThe improved new reinforcement materials and the previous reinforcement materials were researched on the reinforcement effect,with the help of universal material testing machine,wireless damping anti-drilling instrument,spectrophotometer,multifunctional imaging photoelectron spectrometer,non-metallic ultrasonic instrument,mercury intrusion instrument Characterization methods such as instrument,SEM-Mapping,etc.evaluate and analyze the sandstone that simulates the natural environment after reinforcement,and systematically summarize the changes in physical and chemical properties before and after reinforcement by different reinforcement methods,changes in physicochemical properties in mechanical、Changes in mechanical strength,and changes in micro-morphology.The results show that the improved new reinforcement material has the characteristics of deep permeability,stable physical properties,and excellent mechanical effects.In the actual engineering application,it can fill and fix the small stone structure.The entire reinforcement process has minimal intervention on the cultural relics and conforms to the principle of cultural relic protection.Therefore,the reinforcing agent can be used in actual projects.4.Tests on erosion and inhibition of salt crystallization of sandstone cultural relicsIn the experiment on the destruction of sandstone by soluble salt,the degree of damage to the stones becomes more and more obvious with the increase of cycle times.The most obvious ones are sodium chloride and sodium sulfate.In the experiment of salt suppression effect of Na2B8O13·4H2O as a salting-out inhibitor,it can be seen that the effect on sodium sulfate is relatively obvious,but the effect on sodium chloride is not obvious,and it is clumpy.After the sample is subjected to freeze-thaw aging treatment,it does not have a bad effect on the body of the stone,air permeability,and wave number.Therefore,Na2B8O13·4H2O can be used as a maintenance material for regular maintenance of sandstone cultural relics.5.Application of sandstone restoration project in northern Shaanxi.Based on laboratory research,the improved new reinforcement materials and Na2B8O13·4H2O were used as regular maintenance materials in the three cultural relic units of Hongshixia,Shimao Site,and Zichang Zhongshan Grottoes in northern Shaanxi,It has a practical application targeted protection.From the current tracking effect,the sandstone cultural relics after reinforcement and curing have passed the aging test for a certain period of time,and the protection method is effective,and the curing material is also excellent protection function for salt damage.