Analysis Of Climatic Characteristics And Climate Change Trend Of Moutai Wine Producing Areas

The unique regional environmental characteristics have created the "non-reproducibility" of high-quality liquor.This study starts with the climatic characteristics of the Maotai wine producing area and compares it with the climatic characteristics of the Chishui River Basin and adjacent areas to determine whether the climate of the Moutai wine producing area is unique;Its uniqueness is reflected in which meteorological elements;under the background of global climate change,how the regional climate characteristics have changed and other issues are studied.First,based on the data of 98 daily meteorological observation stations from 1961 to2018,the characteristics of the meteorological elements of temperature,precipitation,wind speed and direction of the Maotai wine production area and the basin and the same latitude area are compared and analyzed.Then,anomaly analysis,Kriging interpolation,coefficient of variation,sliding t test,Mann-Kendall trend test,Morlet wavelet transform and other methods are used to study the temporal and spatial characteristics of temperature,precipitation,wind speed and direction in the Chishui River Basin.The Chishui River Basin is a primary tributary of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.The Renhuai region is rich in the famous overseas national wine Moutai.Under the background of global climate change,understanding its climatic characteristics and changing trends is of great significance to maintaining its local climate.The following main results and conclusions were obtained:(1)Studies have shown that the temperature at Renhuai Station(the production area of Moutai,the same below),a meteorological site for the production area of Moutai,is higher than that of other stations;the average temperature for many years and the temperature tendency rate before and after the sudden change are lower than those in the Chishui River Basin;39a,28 a primary and secondary cycles;the temperature change in winter is the most stable relative to other stations,the higher the average temperature is from April to October and the wine making stages(Xiasha,Rongsha,rounds 1 to 7),the more stable the temperature is in the sixth round.,The stable temperature may be beneficial to the growth of brewing microorganisms.The temperature changes in Renhuai City have been stable for many years and have not been significantly clustered with the surrounding counties and cities;the temperature fluctuations are relatively high,and the temperature changes within the unit range(270m×270m)are more obvious.The average ridge and valley points are relatively medium compared to other counties and cities,indicating that the temperature concentration is moderate.The annual and monthly average temperatures of the Chishui River Basin are unevenly distributed in space and are similar,with a spatial pattern of low in the southeast,high in the northwest,and low in the southwest and northeast.(2)The annual average precipitation of Renhuai Station is relatively small compared to neighboring meteorological stations,the precipitation tendency rate is lower than that of the basin,and the precipitation change rate before and after the sudden change is lower than that of the basin.There are the same major and secondary cycles of 39 a and 28 a as the basin;Among the neighboring stations,the precipitation is the lowest in May,July and October,and the rest of the months are all low and the coefficient of variation is small,indicating that the monthly average precipitation is relatively small and relatively stable compared to the neighboring stations;the precipitation and the degree of change in the rough sand to the fourth round are all Larger than the watershed,the sixth round of precipitation is the least,which may be conducive to the rise of microorganisms;the aridity index of Renhuai Station is higher than that of neighboring stations,and the change trend is small,with stable dry and wet changes.Renhuai City has high precipitation fluctuations in all counties and cities,with obvious changes within the unit range(270m×270m);high average ridge points and low valley points indicate a high degree of precipitation concentration;the coefficient of variation of precipitation for many years is the lowest,and the precipitation change is relatively stable.The precipitation in Chishui River Basin is relatively heavy from May to August,of which the precipitation is stable from May to June;the fluctuations are relatively large from July to August;from the 1960 s to the 00 s,the fall has the greatest downward trend,and the winter has a stable fluctuation.(3)The wind speed at Renhuai Station is relatively low compared with neighboring stations,and the average wind speed rises more than in the Chishui River Basin.There are 40 a and 22 a primary and secondary cycles,and the 22 a cycle has a trend of shortening;the average wind speed of the five rounds from Xiasha to the fifth round is compared with that of the basin.The increase is rapid and the degree of fluctuation is large.The sixth round of wind speed is the highest;only the difference in monthly average wind speed between Renhuai Station and Chishui River Basin is negative in winter,and positive in the rest of the season.The dominant wind direction at Renhuai Station is NNW,which is more concentrated than adjacent stations;affected by the southeast monsoon and terrain,the second most frequent wind direction is in the S direction,and the average maximum wind speed is greater than other stations in the basin.The wind direction is relatively stable,which may be beneficial to the air.Distribution of microorganisms and participation in wine fermentation.The multi-year average wind speed in the Chishui River Basin is 1.33m/s,with 0.014m/s/10 a showing a slow upward trend,showing a fluctuating change characteristic of first decline and then rise.There are cycles of 28 a and39a;the annual average wind speed shows a spatial pattern of low southwest and high northeast,The wind speed change range is small.