Impact Of Climate Change On Ecosystem Services In Bayannaoer, Inner Mongolia

Arid and semi-arid areas are vulnerable to climate change.In this paper,Bayannur was taken as the study area,and the spatial and temporal changes of wind and sediment fixation,water and soil conservation and water conservation in Bayannur,Inner Mongolia were evaluated from 1980 to 2018,based on the revised wind erosion equation(RWEQ),modified general soil erosion equation(RUSLE)and water balance equation.Data including meteorological data,remote sensing data,literature data and statistical data are used.Finally,the impact of climate change on the ecosystem function of Bayannur is studied,using the method of sensitivity and contribution.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)From 1980 to 2018,Bayannur was warm and humid.The spatial distribution of average temperature showed "high in the south,low in the north",and the distribution of tendency rate showed "high in the south,low in the north".The spatial distribution of precipitation is "high in the East and low in the west",and the distribution of tendency rate is "high in the southeast and low in the northwest".From 1980 to 2018,the average wind speed and relative humidity in Bayannur showed a downward trend,and the spatial distribution of average wind speed showed "high in the northwest and low in the Southeast".Except the northwest of Wulatehouqi has an upward trend,most areas show a downward trend.The relative humidity was higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest.There is an upward trend in the northwest of Bayannur,and a downward trend in other areas.(2)The amount of windbreak and sand fixation in Bayannur showed a significant upward trend,with a spatial distribution characteristic of "high in the southeast and low in the northwest".The amount of windbreak and sand fixation is more sensitive to the change of average wind speed and least sensitive to the change of precipitation.The contribution of average wind speed to the amount of windbreak sand fixation is the largest,and the contribution of relative humidity is the least,both of which are positive.The contribution of precipitation to the amount of windbreak sand fixation is negative.(3)The amount of soil conservation in Bayannur showed a fluctuating upward trend.The high value area was mainly located in the southeast and central region,while the low value area was mainly located in the south and northwest region.Soil conservation is more sensitive to the change of precipitation and least sensitive to the change of average temperature.Precipitation contributed the most to soil conservation in Bayannur,while relative humidity contributed the least,both of which were positive contributions.(4)The amount of water conservation in Bayannur showed a fluctuating upward trend,with a distribution characteristic of "high in the east and low in the southwest".Water conservation is more sensitive to the change of relative humidity and least sensitive to the change of average temperature.Precipitation contributed the most to water conservation in Bayannur,and the contribution was positive,while the contribution of average temperature was the least,and the contribution was negative.(5)The comprehensive index of ecosystem function in Bayannur showed a significant upward trend on the whole,with a spatial distribution characteristic of "high in the south and low in the north".The comprehensive index of ecosystem function was more sensitive to the change of precipitation,and the least sensitive to the change of average temperature.The contribution of average wind speed to the comprehensive index of ecosystem function is the largest,and the contribution of average temperature is the least,both of which are positive.