Genetic Diversity And Gut Microbes Of Local Populations Of Mongolian Gazelle (Procapra Gutturosa)

The Mongolian gazelle(Procapra gutturosa)belongs to the Procapra and is mainly distributed in Mongolia,Russia and China.The Mongolian gazelle population in the Hulun Lake National Nature Reserve(hereinafter referred to as hulun lake reserve)is a local population formed by 8 individuals over about 17 years.However,in recent years,affected by inbreeding and human activities,the Mongolian gazelle population shows a slow population slow growth and other phenomena.Therefore,for the long-term and healthy development and scientific protection of this population,we tested the genetic diversity of this local population based on 8 pairs of microsatellite loci and mitochondrial Cytb gene,and analyzed its intestinal microorganism by combining metagenomic methods.In order to find through mitochondrial Cytb gene and microsatellite analysis,the haplotype diversity of the Mongolian gazelle population in the hulun lake reserve is 0.926,the nucleotide diversity is 0.00401,the number of observed alleles is 5.000,and the number of effective alleles is 2.636,Shannon index is 1.070,observed heterozygosity is0.523,expected heterozygosity is 0.523,these parameters to measure the size of genetic diversity are lower than the Mongolian gazelle population in the China-Mongolia border area.This indicates that the genetic diversity of the Mongolian gazelle population in the hulun lake reserve is lower than that of the Mongolian gazelle population in the China-Mongolia border area.In addition,based on microsatellites,the genetic differentiation coefficient of these two Mongolian gazelle populations was found to be0.11166,and based on the mitochondrial Cytb gene,the genetic differentiation coefficient was found to be 0.18153.This indicates that the Mongolian gazelle population in the hulun lake reserve and the Mongolian gazelle population in the China-Mongolia border area have had a significant genetic differentiation.Through high-throughput sequencing,we obtained 114 GB of metagenomic available data.Based on KEGG and CAZy database annotation,alpha-L-rhamnosidase,alpha-L-fucosidase,alpha-galactosidase,alpha-glucosidase,beta-galactosidase and beta-glucuronidase,which are related to carbohydrate digestion and absorption,were significantly higher in the populations of Mongolian gazelle in the China-Mongolia border area than the hulun lake reserve.This indicates that the Mongolian gazelle populations in the border areas of the China-Mongolia border area have a higher utilization rate of limited food resources in the cold winter.However,the Mongolian gazelle population in the hulun lake reserve is significantly higher in the naphthalene degradation(ko00626)than the Mongolian gazelle population in the China-Mongolia border area,and most of the naphthalene in the environment comes from human activities.This indicates that the Mongolian gazelle population in the hulun lake reserve may be affected by human factors.In order to maintain the balance of its own microecosystem,so it has a strong ability to degrade naphthalene.In summary,both in terms of genetic diversity and intestinal microbes,it shows that the Mongolian gazelle populations in the hulun lake reserve are weak in responding to environmental changes.