Research On The Landscape Ecological Security Pattern Of The Henan-Luzhou Section Of The Yellow River Basin

With the development of urbanization,human activities become more and more frequent,the construction land expands continuously,the ecological land erodes continuously,and then the environmental problems such as water pollution and air pollution appear,which restrict the sustainable development of the national society.At the 19 th National Congress of the CPC,ecological civilization has been elevated to the level of national strategy,and it is imperative to construct the ecological pattern of homeland security.In the ecological security,water security has always been a concern,the ecological development of water basin is also very important.In this context,this paper chooses the lower reaches of the Yellow River as the study area,analyzes the relationship between urban development and water basin environment change,extracts the relevant factors to comprehensively collate and analyze the relevance,thus a relatively safe landscape security pattern is constructed,and based on this,the optimization strategy is proposed to achieve the sustainable development of the ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin.Based on the theory of landscape ecology,physical geography and landscape architecture,this paper studies the riparian zone of the lower reaches of the Yellow River and the Yulu reach of the Yellow River,using a variety of data acquisition methods to extract data on land cover,vegetation cover index,night light data,POI points of interest,road density,land surface temperature,and relying on GIS,RS,ENVI and INVEST for Data pre-processing,it lays a foundation for the construction of landscape ecological security pattern.The construction of landscape ecological security pattern studied in this paper refers to the construction method and system of regional ecological security pattern.By controlling the sensitive factors affecting the ecological process,the ecological security makes the spatial pattern and the interaction of the ecological process mutually coupling,so as to improve the regional spatial structure.The first step in the construction of landscape ecological security pattern is the identification of ecological source.In order to maintain the stability of the ecological environment in the Yu-Lu section of the Yellow River Basin,it is necessary to identify the ecological source that can maintain the stability of the ecological environment within the basin.It is a landscape type with higher ecological service function and the source of the material and energy of the ecosystem.The identification of ecological source area is based on the construction of multi-index evaluation system,the analysis of the weight of each index by principal component analysis and the assignment of value,and finally the superposition of each element to form a comprehensive identification map,analysis of the distribution of ecological source patches and selection of appropriate ecological source area.The selection of ecological sources is mainly based on the principle of stability of ecological structure and efficiency of ecological services.By analyzing and screening the consensus of 23 ecological sources.Based on the identification of ecological source patches,the resistance factors were selected and analyzed by using the minimum cumulative resistance model,and the weight of each index factor was analyzed by using the coefficient of variation method to construct the comprehensive resistance surface.On the basis of the comprehensive resistance surface construction,the identification and construction of the corridor and the discrimination of ecological nodes are carried out.The system construction of the ecological corridor is composed of the existing ecological corridor and the identification of the corridor in the low resistance area.The identification of the corridor takes the path of the least cost,which is selected according to the ecological quality and length of the corridor.Ecological node identification is to use the hydrological analysis tool in GIS,on the basis of the construction of comprehensive resistance surface,set the confluence cumulative amount formed by the threshold value of energy flow and material flow,and form the ecological node with the confluence point of the ecological corridor.Finally,the landscape ecological security pattern of "source-corridor-node" was constructed,which consisted of 23 ecological source-corridor,58 ecological corridors and 10 ecological nodes.By analyzing the connectivity of the ecological network of the ecological security pattern,the validity of the construction of the landscape ecological security pattern was confirmed.This paper analyzes the overall environment of the river basin by constructing landscape ecological security pattern,and takes this as an important basis to optimize the landscape in YuLu River section of the Yellow River basin,and puts forward corresponding optimization strategies.The construction of landscape ecological security pattern can realize the hierarchical management and protection of ecological land.Based on constructing the ecological source patches-ecological corridors-node ecological security pattern,the core of the ecological source area can be incorporated into the government management of the ecological land use system,the ecological source core for protection and management,to ratings of construction of ecological corridors,classifying ecological node construction,Formulate ecological protection strategies for key ecological elements in the region.Through the above research,the sustainable development of the Yu-Lu reach of the lower reaches of the Yellow River basin provides a scientific theoretical basis.