Study On Competitive Characteristics Of World Elite Speed Skating "cross-border And Cross Event" Athletes

In order to improve the competitive strength of speed skating in China,China has put forward the development idea of "cross-border and cross event selection".It is intended to select high-level reserve talents to supplement speed skating by learning from the successful cases of "cross-border and cross event selection" in speed skating at home and abroad,so as to promote the improvement of the competitive strength of speed skating in China.However,at present,there are still obvious differences in the competitive strength of Chinese speed skating "cross-border and cross event" athletes compared with the world’s high-level "cross-border and cross event" athletes.This shows that we have not been able to give full play to the advantages of "cross-border and cross event" athletes and improve the competitive level of speed skating.Therefore,a systematic study on the competitive characteristics of the world’s excellent speed skating "cross-border and cross event" athletes is not only conducive to clarifying the competitive advantages of the world’s excellent speed skating "cross-border and cross event" athletes,but also conducive to optimizing the "cross-border and cross event selection" of China’s speed skating and carrying out scientific training for "cross-border and cross event" athletes,so as to provide scientific guidance for effective talent development.Using the research methods of literature,field investigation,expert interview,case analysis and mathematical statistics,this paper takes the competitive characteristics of the world’s excellent speed skating "cross-border and cross event" athletes as the research object,Takagi Meifan and sabrikova as the analysis object,and systematically analyzes the competitive characteristics by analyzing the eight representative competitions of the two athletes in recent years,On the basis of summarizing the competitive characteristics,competitive advantages and the enlightenment to the scientific training of Chinese speed skating "cross-border and cross event" athletes,this paper puts forward some suggestions and Countermeasures for the training of Chinese speed skating "cross-border and cross event" athletes.The results show that:（1）the "cross-border and cross event selection" of speed skating is formed by people’s continuous exploration of speed skating scientific training.So far,speed skating "cross-border and cross event" successful athletes are all cross event successful models.There are successful cases in roller skating,cycling,short track speed skating,cross-country skiing and football,and the number of cross event successful athletes in roller skating and short track speed skating is relatively high.The vast majority of cross event talented athletes have experienced a long time of professional training before cross event,have a high sports level,and can quickly achieve excellent sports results in the world competition after cross event.Compared with the traditional training mode of speed skating talents,cross event talents have obvious advantages in time.（2）Although the two cross event talented athletes show the differences in the application of sliding technology in the competition,their competitive characteristics show the similarity.First of all,athletes have a good level of physical fitness.During the whole competition,the sliding speed is fast,the single lap sliding time is short,the later sliding speed attenuation is small,and the physical fitness distribution is more reasonable.Secondly,the athletes have a strong ability to control the sliding rhythm,the whole sliding speed is relatively balanced,the control of single lap sliding time is stable,and the difference between single lap sliding stride and subsection sliding time is small.Third,athletes show good sliding results.（3）The competitive advantages of the world’s excellent speed skating "cross-border and cross event" athletes are mainly reflected in their obvious physical advantages,high sliding rhythm control ability,high sliding effect and strong sliding posture maintenance ability.The physical fitness of pre event sports is similar to that of post event speed skating;The pre event helps to promote the formation of motor nerve feedback and special motor perception of skating skills after cross event;Good gliding technology forms a good gliding effect in the competition,but good gliding effect can also be obtained through the effective control of the gliding process;Takagi Meifan realizes the attitude control under high-speed sliding with the accuracy and strength of action;Sabrikova realizes the effective control of posture in a relatively balanced sliding speed with the coordination and manipulation of her actions.（4）The main reason for the success of the "cross-border Mufan" and "cross-border Mufan" athletes lies in the two main advantages of the "cross-border Mufan" and "cross-border Mufan" athletes.The advantages of "cross-border and cross event" lie in the good physical advantage formed by athletes in the pre event,the favorable guidance of positive migration of sports technology and the good sports feeling formed by the pre event.The scientific training after "cross-border and cross event" is to have a scientific understanding of the essence and competitive characteristics of speed skating.Rich successful experience,advanced scientific and technological means and high-level coaches ensure the effective growth of "cross-border and cross event" athletes.（5）Through the cognition of the success factors of world speed skating "cross-border and cross event" athletes,and in view of the current development status of speed skating in China,this paper puts forward some countermeasures to improve the mechanism research of "cross-border and cross event selection",clarify the characteristics and advantages of selection items,clarify the competitive ability and training potential of athletes before selection,and strengthen the scientific training after selection,so as to provide reference for better promoting the development of speed skating in China.