Research On The Impact Of The Introduction Of Industrial Robots On Employment And Wages In China’s Manufacturing Industry

With the gradual disappearance of the advantage of the population dividend,China’s manufacturing industry is facing huge challenges at the threshold of transformation and upgrading.The Chinese government proposed "Made in China2025" in response to the current status of the manufacturing labor market.The proposal of "Made in China 2025" has accelerated the rapid development of industrial robots to a certain extent,and has had a profound impact on the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry.However,it is also concerned that industrial robots have also had a significant impact on employment in the labor market.The development of industrial robots not only has a significant impact on the transformation of production methods,but also has a profound impact on employment in the labor market.How to maintain the tremendous role of industrial robots in the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry on the one hand,and at the same time promote employment in the labor market,is a question worthy of discussion.This article sorts out the relevant literature on the impact of industrial robots on the employment and wages of the manufacturing labor force,and after summarizing the status quo of industrial robots and the manufacturing labor market and the mechanism of action between them,through analysis and comparison of previous research findings,domestic Foreign research on the impact of industrial robot applications on the employment and average wages of the overall labor market in the manufacturing industry has not reached a consensus.From the perspective of labor heterogeneity,scholars have found the impact of industrial robots on the employment and wages of laborers with different skills in the manufacturing industry.Not sure.In view of this,the question studied in this article is raised,that is,how does industrial robot affect the overall number of employees and average wage level in the manufacturing industry? How to affect the number of employees and wages of labor with different skills? Next,conduct research design and empirical analysis.This article uses the number of imported manufacturing industrial robots in each province from 2004 to 2018 and the number of employees and wages in each industry in the manufacturing industry to distinguish different skilled labor levels,and perform panel data fixed-effects model full sample regression and group regression.Through empirical analysis,it is found that the application of industrial robots has significantly increased the overall number of employees and wages in the manufacturing labor market,indicating that the productivity effect and job creation effect of industrial robots on the manufacturing labor market is stronger than the substitution effect.Further divide labors with different skills for empirical analysis,Found that the application of industrial robots significantly increased the employment of high-skilled and low-skilled workers,and reduced the employment of middle-skilled labor.The phenomenon of employment "polarization" appeared,and found that industrial robots have a positive impact on the wages of labors with different skills.In terms of different regions,the application of industrial robots in the eastern and southern coastal areas has reduced the number of middle-and low-skilled laborers and increased the number of high-skilled laborers,showing a "unipolarization" trend.In addition,in regions where the tertiary industry accounts for a relatively high proportion of R&D investment and foreign direct investment,the substitution effect of industrial robots on the employment of manufacturing labor is stronger,especially for middle-tech industries.In addition,this study can also provide a certain reference for maintaining the stability of the employment market to a certain extent,and provide a certain reference for the government in formulating employment policies.