| Objective:(1)Large-scale urban green spaces with open spaces and large-scale urban green lawns have high investment in construction and daily maintenance costs,but there is insufficient evidence of"causality"for the difference in the effect of green spaces with open spaces on people’s leisure and relaxation affects improvement.Therefore,this study further verifies the difference in the improvement effect of affects between open and unopened spaces in green exercise.(2)The effect of green exercise in improving affects is better than that of indoor exercise and green space static relaxation in the same mode(the exercise form and intensity are the same),and the evidence of"causality"mostly comes from the comparison of different groups in the controlled experiment.This study uses its own front,middle and back comparison method to verify whether green exercise has a better improvement effect of affect than a single green space contact(ie,green space static relaxation).(3)This research focuses on comparing the effects of noise sensitivity,nature orientedness,curiosity and other variables on affects in whether to open green space exercise,screening out important influencing factors,and selecting necessary factors as covariates for future research in this field.Provide reference for adjustment.Method:Recruit 38 people who are 20-40 years old with low occupational physical activity,and finally 35 people are effective subjects(30.11±4.25 years old;18females and 17 males).The subject was collected based on questionnaires to collect individual demographic and sociological variables,physical exercise status,and daily green space exposure.Based on the scale,individual factors such as noise sensitivity,nature orientedness,and curiosity are measured.Select a certain urban green space park(including open and unopened green space)as the test site.The recruited subjects were randomly divided into two groups.One group was subjected to an open space test first,followed by a unopen space test,and the other group was conversely,with the same subject being tested at least ten days apart.The test process is to complete the preparation of the subject,sit still for 3 minutes and then perform the pre-test,then sit still and watch the green space for 20 minutes and then perform the mid-test,and then complete the 20-minute power cycling(7 minutes(50%*HRR+rest heart rate))+6 After minutes(30%*HRR+rest heart rate)+7 minutes(50%*HRR+rest heart rate)),return to a quiet state(not less than 20 minutes)for post-testing.Affects improvement indicators(dependent variables)collected on site include blood pressure(systolic and diastolic blood pressure),positive/negative affects,and heart rate variability(RMSSD,SDNN,LF/HF).And the controlled covariate environmental parameters(site temperature,humidity and noise).Descriptive statistical analysis,repeated measures analysis of variance and multivariate analysis of variance were used for the data.Based on the effect size(ηp~2)combined with the significance P value to analyze the difference of each dependent variable index in whether the space is open or not,and the difference between the first,middle and last three test results.Analyze individual factors such as noise sensitivity,nature orientedness,and curiosity,as well as the main effects and interaction effects of different covariates such as daily physical exercise and green space exposure levels on whether to open one’s space on affects.,and focus on comparing different individuals The difference in the degree of influence of factors on affects.Results:(1)In green exercise,there is a significant difference between open and unopened space,except that there is a significant difference in the improvement effect of systolic blood pressure(F=3.484;ηp~2=0.104;P=0.046),and there is no significant difference in positive affect indicators between open and unopened space.(2)In the unopen space,the systolic blood pressure pre-test,mid-test and post-test were 114.11±10.61mm Hg,109.14±9.38mm Hg and 106.80±9.11mm Hg respectively,showing a downward trend as a whole(F=5.600;P=0.004;ηp~2=0.393).The diastolic blood pressure pre-test,mid-test and post-test values were76.34±8.60mm Hg,72.86±8.13mm Hg,71.14±7.32mm Hg respectively,showing a declining trend as a whole(F=3.175;P=0.041;ηp~2=0.268).The negative affects scores of pre-test,mid-test and post-test were 6.40±1.69,5.97±1.43,and 5.63±0.99,respectively,showing a downward trend as a whole.The SDNN pre-test,mid-test and post-test values were 55.76±27.20ms,54.02±18.89ms,40.53±19.42ms,and the overall trend was declining.In the open space,the pre-test,mid-test and post-test values of systolic blood pressure of the subject were 113.31±11.48mm Hg,107.25±11.73mm Hg and106.31±10.82mm Hg,respectively,showing a downward trend as a whole(F=7.504;P=0.001;ηp~2=0.495).The SDNN pre-test,mid-test and post-test values were62.02±18.05ms,57.29±11.81ms,46.21±18.50ms,and showed a downward trend as a whole.The RMSSD pre-test,mid-test and post-test values are 34.00±14.02ms,32.00±9.70ms,27.09±18.51ms,and the overall trend is decreasing.In addition,the positive affects scores were 13.15±4.20,13.22±4.31,13.30±5.08 in the pre-test,mid-test and post-test.The values of LF/HF pre-test,mid-test and post-test are2.62±1.52,2.80±1.60,3.56±2.01,respectively.Positive affects and LF/HF both showed a continuous upward trend.(3)Curiosity reflects the negative affect indicators in the diastolic blood pressure(P<0.01),systolic blood pressure(P<0.05),the negative affect scale score(P<0.05)and the positive affect indicator in the SDNN(P<0.01)),RMSSD(P<0.001),LF/HF(P<0.05),and Positive affect Scale score(P<0.001),all 7dependent variables have significant effects.At the same time,noise sensitivity only has a significant effect on LF/HF(P<0.01).The nature orientedness also only had a significant effect on negative affects(P<0.001).In daily green space contact,only the green space activities around the workplace had a significant impact on diastolic blood pressure(P<0.05).Conclusions and suggestions:(1)In green exercise,there are significant differences between open and unopened spaces on the improvement effect of negative affect reflection indicators(SBP),and the improvement effect of open space is better.Therefore,it is believed that green exercise in an open space will be more conducive to the improvement of negative affects than a non-open space.it is suggested that high-stress working people can go to more open green spaces for leisure exercises,which will help improve negative affects.(2)In green exercise,there is no significant difference in the influence of open and unopened spaces on positive affect indicators(Positive Affect Scale Score,SDNN,RMSSD,LF/HF).Therefore,it is believed that the difference between the effect of exercise in improving positive affect in open and unopened green spaces is not significant.In this regard,it is suggested that when green space and parks in a certain area are subject to objective constraints such as funds,it is not necessary to pursue large-scale open lawns.More attention should be paid to the greening of some local spaces,which reduces maintenance costs and also helps increase the frequency of residents’exposure.The affect improvement of leisure activities has positive meaning.(3)Even after a period of exposure to the green space,green exercise can still help to further improve blood pressure,positive/negative affects,SDNN,RMSSD and LF/HF real-time affect indicators.Therefore,it is believed that green exercise has a better improvement effect than a single green space contact(that is,green space static relaxation).In this regard,it is suggested that people take appropriate physical exercises after touching the green space,that is,static relaxation,which will help to further improve their affect.(4)In green exercise,curiosity,noise sensitivity,and nature orientedness all have an impact on the effect of improving affect.Compared with individual factors such as noise sensitivity and nature orientedness,the exercise of curiosity in a green space has a more significant impact on indicators of affects.In addition,daily exposure to green space does not have a significant impact on most indicators of affects in green exercise.Therefore,it is believed that future research needs to focus on individual curiosity,and conduct in-depth analysis of the interference of this factor and adjustment of covariates. |
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