The Influence Of Psychological Distance And Time Pressure On Moral Decision-making Of College Students Majoring In Physical Education

Moral decision-making is the external behavioral manifestation that can be observed of an individual’s moral cognition level.Whether it is moral decision-making or daily life decision-making,it is inseparable from the restriction of time.Moreover,psychological distance has been proved to be inseparable from moral judgment and decision-making in previous studies,the Construal Level Theory also claims that when an event or object is perceived to be far away in psychological distance,the individual tends to make the result-oriented choice in decision-making.However,the changes of moral judgement and decision-making in different dimensions of psychological distance are still inconclusive.Therefore,based on the previous results,this study conducts an in-depth exploration of the relationship between time pressure,psychological distance,and moral decision-making.A total of three sub-experiments were included in this study.Pre experiment:The mean and standard deviation of 35 participants’ reading time on the moral dilemma questions were collected to determine the values of the different levels of time pressure in the formal experiment.It is finally determined that under high-time pressure,the life dilemma is 3.94 s and the sports dilemma is 4.87s;under medium-time pressure,the life dilemma is 5.17 s and the sports dilemma is 7.54 s.Study 1: The influence of time pressure and moral dilemma types on the utilitarian decision-making of different types of subjects was discussed.A mixed experimental design of2 time pressure(time-free pressure vs high-time pressure)×2 dilemma types(life dilemma vs sports dilemma)×2 subject types(non-sports major vs sports major)was adopted to examine the effects of three factors on moral decision-making.The results showed that:(1)Time pressure affects individual’s moral decision-making tendency,and more utilitarian decisions will be made under high time pressure than time-free pressure;(2)Time pressure has a significant interaction with the type of dilemma,and it is easier for individual to make utilitarian decisions in sports dilemma when the time pressure is stronger;(3)there is a significant interaction among time pressure,dilemma type and subject classification,which is specifically reflected in the changes of decision-making time.Under the high-time pressure,the decision-making time of sports majors and non-sports majors have significantly accelerated when making choices in the life dilemma..Study 2:To examine the influence of time pressure,social distance and spatial distance on the moral decision-making of sports majors in the dilemma of sports.A mixed experimental design of 3 time pressure(time-free pressure vs medium pressure vs high pressure)×2 social distance(self vs others)×2 spatial distance(Wuhan vs Brazil)was adopted.The results found that:(1)The main effect of social distance was significant,and individuals tend to make more utilitarian decisions when they are self-centered;(2)The interaction between social distance and time pressure was significant,and individuals would more likely to make utilitarian decisions when faced with ego-based decisions under time-free pressure and high time pressure.