| The report of the 19th National Congress points out the importance of income distribution,that is to say,“We should keep the economic growth and the income increase at the same time and increase the labor productivity and remuneration at the same time.”.In fact,during the40 years of reform and opening-up,China has developed rapidly,accounting for about one-fifth of the world’s nominal GDP,but behind enjoying the huge dividend of high-speed economic growth,there is a problem that the income gap of our country is becoming more and more obvious,and the labor-capital relationship is deteriorating gradually.The change of labor factor income share can explain the performance of income in primary distribution to a great extent,and probe into the trend of its change and the cause of its appearance,it is a key step to narrow the income gap,ease the tension between labor and capital,and realize the synchronous growth of productivity and compensation.Starting with the changing trend of the income share of labor factors and the influencing factors,this paper summarizes the existing theories and literatures at home and abroad,and redefines the income share of labor factors,this paper compares and analyzes the trends of the share of labor factor income in China as a whole and in the three regions of East,middle and West,at the same time,it applies the relevant theories of economics to analyze the mechanism of each influencing factor,finally,we choose suitable variables,econometric models and estimation methods,and use China’s provincial panel data to empirically analyze the factors that affect the share of labor factor income in China,furthermore,the total sample data is divided into three parts: the east,the middle and the west.Comparing the three parts of the sample,we can see that the share of labor factor income basically fluctuated and declined in each province from 1992 to 2007,in 2007,it was basically at the bottom,and in 2008,it suddenly increased a lot.From 2010 to 2017,the share of labor factor income in each province was basically in a relatively stable state,with different characteristics.The eastern region showed a steady increase,the central region is stable and unchanging,while the western region fluctuates in a small range.The empirical results show that labor transfer reduces the share of labor factor income on the whole,but it is not obvious in the central region,and the increase of human capital has a negative effect on the share of labor factor income,but it is not significant in the central region There is capital-biased technological progress,which reduces the share of labor factor income;in total sample regression,the ratio of capital to output increases,and the share of labor factor income decreases,only in the eastern region does the ratio of capital output have a slight positive effect on the income share of labor factors,which shows that the relationship between capital and labor in the eastern region has gradually shifted to complementarity,and the proportion of the added value of the primary and tertiary industries has increased,it is favorable for the increase of the share of labor factor income,and the degree of the increase of the share of labor factor income is more obvious with the increase of the proportion of primary sector of the economy value added;Overall,the foreign direct investment effect was not significant.Based on the conclusion of this paper,we can improve the labor’s bargaining power,pay attention to the vocational education,develop the capital market,change the industrial structure,improve the trade environment,and promote the growth of the share of labor income. |
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