Analysis On The Spatial Distribution Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of The Poor Population In Lanling County

Nowadays,in many developing countries,the issue of poverty is still a major concern.Since the reform and opening up,with the advancement of government-led poverty alleviation and development work on a national scale,the number of poor people in my country has dropped significantly.As the year for the realization of the first 100-year goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way,2020 will also be the year of ending poverty alleviation.The display of poverty alleviation results at the National Poverty Alleviation Summary Conference reflects my country’s remarkable achievements in targeted poverty alleviation.However,the“removal of hats”from poverty is not the end,but the starting point for a new life and a new struggle.It shows that the victory of the poverty alleviation work does not completely solve the current poverty problem.The evaluation work for consolidating the results of poverty alleviation and the social security work to prevent the poor from returning to poverty will still have practical significance in the future.In the current research,most of the analysis of the characteristics of the distribution of the poor population at the macro-scale,and few analyses at the medium-and micro-levels.In the current context,the spatial characteristics of the distribution of the poor in rural areas at the grassroots level still need to be explored in depth,and the role of various influencing factors in poverty is also to be studied.This paper selects Lanling County as the research area,and takes the spatial characteristics and influencing factors of the distribution of poor population as the research object.Using geographic data,township population data and poverty population data in the civil administration system,based on relevant domestic and foreign poverty theories,With the support of Arc GIS 10.5,SPSS and Geo Da analysis tools,combined with the density of the poor population,using the poverty population structure index and spatial auto correlation analysis,the overall spatial characteristics of the distribution of the poor population in Lanling County are analyzed.Use correlation analysis,factor analysis and spatial regression models(SLM,SEM)to study the factors affecting the spatial distribution of the poor.Mainly draw the following research conclusions:Overall characteristics of the distribution of poor population in Lanling CountyOn the whole,the spatial distribution of the poor population in Lanling County is characterized by more people in the east and fewer people in the west.Combined with influencing factors,it is caused by high population density,insufficient economic development,and high proportion of disabled people.The incidence of poverty has the characteristics of high in the north and low in the south in the spatial distribution.Due to the relatively high slope and the distance from the county town in the northern towns,the new rural cooperative insurance rate is lower than the average level,and the incidence of serious diseases is high.The contribution of economic development is not enough to significantly reduce the incidence of poverty in the region.The poverty incidence in the western,southwest,and central townships is low.The F1 score of the principal component in the combined factor analysis shows that its economic development strength is strong,and its labor force is abundant,which has a promoting effect on alleviating the incidence of poverty.The spatial structure characteristics of the distribution of poor population in Lanling CountyAccording to changes in the poverty population structure index,there is a general downward trend between 2014 and 2020.It shows that the overall spatial distribution of the poor population in Lanling County is getting smaller and smaller and tends to be balanced.The decline of Moran ’ s I index in the same state confirms this conclusion.Combined with the coefficient value of the SLM model,it is found that the per capita disposable income has a negative effect on the agglomeration of the poverty population density in space,and the effect is decreasing.It means that with the development of social economy and the increase of per capita income,the impact on the occurrence of poverty is weakened,which is the main reason that the distribution of the poor population tends to be balanced;The coefficient value of the disability variable increased slightly,and its contribution to the density of the poor population gradually increased.Because its proportion is stable in space,its influence on the distribution structure of the poor is much smaller than economic variables;The effect of labor force and terrain gradient variables is significantly lower than that of per capita disposable income and disability,and the effect on the structure of the poor population is even weaker.Therefore,economic factors are still in an important position in affecting the spatial distribution of the poor and deserve attention.Correlation characteristics of spatial distribution of poor population in Lanling CountyThe global Moran’s I index shows that the distribution of poor population in Lanling County is not random,but positive spatial auto correlation,that is,there is a clustering feature..Among them,there is high-high agglomeration in the south and southeast,low-low agglomeration in the west and north,and the state of agglomeration has declined slightly over time.The score of the first principal component in the factor analysis of the influencing factors shows that high-high agglomeration is less affected by economic factors,but is greatly affected by personal family factors.To alleviate the state of high agglomeration,it is necessary to propose solutions to improve the quality of life of local poor families.The score of the second principal component shows that it is also affected by family factors,but it works with other factors with higher correlation to reduce the contribution of family factors.This provides ideas for seeking a solution mechanism:On the one hand,measures are formulated for individual factors that have a large degree of influence;on the other hand,various relevant factors are coordinated to promote coordinated development of the region,and the two-pronged approach is to consolidate the results of poverty alleviation.Factors affecting the spatial distribution of poverty population in Lanling CountyAccording to the calculation of coefficient value in the correlation analysis,The per capita arable land area,the proportion of the disabled population,the location-distance from the county center,the per capita disposable income,the number of labor force,population density,serious illness,and regional GDP have relatively large correlations with the poor population,Based on the multidimensional poverty theory,other influencing factors such as education,transportation,old-age care,and medical security,although their effects are low,still require attention.Factors such as per capita arable land area,location-distance from the county center,population density,and regional gross product have an impact on the incidence of poverty at the regional level;Factors such as the proportion of disabled persons and serious diseases are special indicators,which only have a significant effect on the incidence of poverty in some regions.Therefore,when the solution mechanism is put forward,the particularity index should be taken as a factor corresponding to the regional index.In view of the above conclusion analysis,the author makes three suggestions:The first is to strengthen social security and increase per capita income.More energy should be invested in the southern and southeastern townships,starting with social security to improve the quality of their families,and at the same time increase per capita income to alleviate the occurrence of poverty.The second is to attach importance to the development of industrial projects and improve the regional economic level.In-depth excavation of characteristic projects and culture,cultivate Yimeng rural tourism industry,and improve its own development momentum.Develop a long-term mechanism for increasing farmers’ incomes in accordance with local conditions,and focus on supporting the collective economy.Targeted integration and coordination of land,taxes,fees,and financial support policies to activate collective internal resources and release development potential.The third is to comprehensively consider multiple factors to achieve integrated development.Optimizing the land policy system and promoting education and the circulation of transportation elements to the western towns and villages are guarantee measures to prevent the occurrence of poverty.