| In recent years,with the popularity of basketball in China,various types of basketball events at all levels have gradually increased,and the specifications of the events have continued to increase.Therefore,higher demands have been placed on the level of domestic referees.As a pioneer of the reform and development of basketball in China,Beijing has held various large-scale basketball tournaments many times.It is of great significance to study the influencing factors of Beijing basketball referees’ ruling level.This study uses the opportunity to participate in the Beijing basketball game ruling,and uses a questionnaire survey method,literature data method,mathematical statistics method,expert interview method and other methods to comprehensively analyze the influencing factors of Beijing basketball referee ruling level.Results:(1)Beijing basketball referees are mainly national and primary referees among elementary and middle school physical education teachers and college students.They have a high education background,a scientific age distribution,and an imbalanced ratio of men and women.The ruling years are concentrated in 4-26 years.,The average number of rulings per year is more,and the probability of omission is the largest among all the penalties that are not conducive to the game.(2)According to the importance of the factors affecting the level of ruling,the top five factors are: the mastery of basketball skills and tactics,the ability to manage the game,the mastery of referees and rules,the flexibility and the ability to observe.(3)Referees have different ages,occupations,educational backgrounds,and grades,and are significantly affected by theoretical knowledge,experience factors,onthe-spot adjudication factors,psychological quality factors,external condition guidance factors,and physical fitness factors.(4)Among the basketball referees ’on-the-spot judgment ability factors: the overall ability is better,but the observation is not detailed enough,the movement is not active,and the selection is unreasonable;among the theoretical knowledge and experience factors: the theoretical level is good,but basketball skills Mastery of tactics,tacit understanding,and foreign language skills are not high;Among the psychological quality factors: most referees have better attention,strong professional ethics but poor emotional control;among the external condition guidance factors: people with experience in decision-making Less,easily affected by players,coaches and spectators,referees are generally dissatisfied with the remuneration of the ruling;Among the physical fitness factors: the referees are in good physical condition,but there are also weak physical functions and qualities,no attention to physical training,Pre-match illness,injury during refereeing,etc.(5)Through the establishment and improvement of various referee-related management systems,the establishment of referee personnel files,the development of selection-training-assessment training plans,training programs,and improvement of training formats,enrichment of referee learning courses,and increase of physical,psychological,Professional ethics and other qualities of training,the implementation of instructor-led teaching system,play the role of the old referee,and create more opportunities for young referees to improve and practice opportunities.Conclusions:(1)The basketball referee team in Beijing has a reasonable structure and a good ruling status;(2)the mastery of basketball skills and tactics is the most important of all influencing factors;(3)the public factors and the actual ruling are significant Relevant,referees with different characteristics have significant differences affected by various public factors;(4)Referees have better overall abilities,the level of ruling is affected by various factors,and the reasons are diverse.(5)To improve the referee’s decision-making ability,it is necessary to establish a sound referee management mechanism,training system,and new and old referee linkage mechanisms. |
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