Research On The Characteristics Of Techniques And Tactics Of World Elite Marathon Swimmer

Xin xin of China won the gold medal in the women’s 10 km marathon swimming race at the gwangju world championships in 2019,setting the best time for Chinese marathon swimmers in the world championships,and achieving the breakthrough of zero gold medal in this event,making her a rising star in the world marathon swimming event.Looking at the world of swimming,we still have a lot of strong competitors in marathon swimming.At present,the research on techniques and tactics of competitive marathon swimming events in China is still in the stage of self-exploration.Through the review of previous relevant literature,it is found that there are few systematic analyses and theoretical researches in this field.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the technical and tactical characteristics of the world’s elite marathon swimmers and explore the winning rules of the world’s top athletes in this event for the improvement and sustainable development of the comprehensive level of competitive swimming in China.According to the research plan and content requirements,this paper applies the methods of literature,video analysis,expert interview and mathematical statistics to carry out the research.Through long-term training with the Chinese marathon swimming team,face-to-face interviews with coaches,judges and athletes were conducted to understand and timely discover problems in training and competition.Through watching the live game of the athletes and shooting the relevant athletes’ skills and tactics video.Through in-depth interviews with coaches and athletes of the world’s top marathon swimmers,this paper analyzes the application of skills and tactics of the world’s top marathon swimmers in the competition.This article through to the 2016 Olympics in Rio,gwangju world championships in Budapest in 2017 and 2019 world championships men’s,women’s 10 km marathon swimming competition of the world’s top eight athletes in various technical indicators and their pace data for statistical analysis,trying to find out excellent marathon swimming athletes in the world of technical and tactical characteristics and provide theoretical basis for the coaches and athletes training.Research conclusions:1.The percentage of the time spent in the first segment of the world’s elite marathon swimmers accounts for the largest proportion of the total time spent in the race.The segmented time features show the characteristics of "slow in front,steady in the middle and acceleration in the rear".The time of the second segment is closely related to the total time of the race.2.The overall characteristics of the world’s elite marathon swimmers show a trend of "stable future and rising rear course".Athletes can consciously control the marking frequency at the beginning of the race,then gradually increase the marking frequency of each section,and finally increase the speed of the sprint by increasing the marking frequency.3.The world’s elite marathon swimmers have a negative segmented speed distribution pattern in the race.This race strategy enables them to get the fastest pace in the last lap of the race and is closely related to their final result.The difference of speed coefficient between the top three and the top eight is higher.4.The world’s elite marathon swimmers often choose "accelerated" and "uniform" in the race.They make supply tactics reasonably according to their own conditions during the competition.Most athletes choose to make supply before and during the competition,while those with strong abilities choose not to make supply in order to save time or finish the race.During the games,athletes choose liquids or gels to replenish their bodies with water and energy.Research recommendations:1.According to the characteristics of marathon swimming events,coaches should actively learn from the segmented time mode of the world’s elite marathon swimmers and make training plans for the athletes reasonably and scientifically,so as to improve the speed control ability and segmented performance in each stage.The athlete should pay attention to the speed distribution of each section in the competition,and control the speed difference between the future and the later stages within a reasonable range.2.Marathon swimmers should improve their own technical movements,gradually increase the frequency of each section on the basis of stable stroke length,improve their sensitivity to changes in running speed,and then comprehensively improve their ability to swim on the way.You can sprint at the end of the race by increasing the frequency of the crosswise.3.Provide more opportunities for athletes to practice in place of the competition,so that the athletes can systematically practice the swimming rhythm of negative segmental pace,which can be actively applied in the future competition.4.The athletes should develop suitable competition tactics according to their individual competitive ability,flexibly use the tactics in the competition,and reasonably distribute their physical strength.Instead of blindly following the high-level athletes,they should choose the appropriate time to make supplies according to their own physical conditions.