Analysis On The National Action Plan Of Bosnia And Herzegovina For The Implementation Of UN Security Council Resolution 1325 On Women,Peace And Security

In the early 1990s,feminist scholars of international relations started to drew attention to the way in which security issues,militarism and conflict impacted on men and women in different ways.Several years later,the United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 1325（2000）and recognized the specific effect of armed conflict on women,the positive role of women in maintaining peace and conflict prevention and the importance of women participation in the process of conflict prevention,conflict resolution and peace building.After that,the United Nations adopted a series of resolutions on Women Peace and Security which together constitute the Women Peace and Security agenda（WPS Agenda）.In the context of WPS agenda,National Action Plans（NAPs）have emerged as the main vehicles through which UNSCR 1325 can be realized at the national level.Bosnia and Herzegovina developed its first NAP for the implementation of UNSC Resolution 1325 in 2010,its second NAP in 2014 and its most recent NAP in 2018.Thanks to the NAP and other gender policies,gender and security are no longer unknown topics in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s institutions and public debates.This is a significant milestone as it represents the political will to address the legacies that the war in the 1990s left behind and emerging security threats,as well as their impact on women.However,key questions remained.The most urgent issue is to understand if the NAP inspired policy change and have meaningful effects and how much the NAP responds to the real context of Bosnia and Herzegovina.Considering that the most recent NAP（2018-2022）is nearing its deadline,it seems the right time to evaluate the state of implementation of the NAP in Bosnia and Herzegovina in order to improve future developments.This thesis will primarily analyses Bosnia and Herzegovina adopted NAPs and related reports,as well as non-governmental available evaluation studies on Bosnia and Herzegovina NAP implementation.The goal is to examine the main achievements and highlight current challenges.The conclusion is that,Bosnia and Herzegovina’s NAPs did contribute to some progress in the Resolution-related areas but has not been used as instruments for greater societal transformation,perpetuates stereotypes and marginalize women’s voices.This thesis hopes to offer Bosnia and Herzegovina insights about how the NAP can be improved and bring meaningful and real change for local women,but also aims to provide useful references to other countries that have experienced or are experiencing conflicts,as well as those countries who do not yet have a NAP.The author is hopeful that every country can benefit from understanding the lessons learned and the gaps identified in implementing Resolution 1325 in Bosnia and Herzegovina,improve their practices and make its own NAP a tool that can have a real and positive effect on the lives of women,girls and the whole society.