Research On The Changes Of Women’s Welfare Policy Since The Founding Of China

Since the founding of New China,women’s cause has been developing,and women’s rights and status have also been greatly improved.However,women’s development is still limited to a certain restriction,and women’s welfare is not perfect.Since 1949,China has introduced a series of policies to protect women’s rights and interests and improve women’s living standards.This paper aims to make a quantitative analysis of the policy text of women’s welfare,understand the change of women’s welfare policy since the founding of China,analyze the change mechanism based on the theory of reasonable framework,understand the problems existing in women’s welfare policy system in the process of change,and put forward feasible suggestions.This article uses "women" etc.as the key words,and collects women’s welfare policies from 1949 to2020 through the Peking University Magic Law Database etc.After screening,a total of566 women’s welfare policy documents were retained and coded and analyzed based on the content analysis method.From the two dimensions of external characteristics and internal characteristics,we understand the overall evolution of women’s welfare policies and found that: since 1949,the number of women’s welfare policies is promulgated and growing;there are many participating departments and the phenomenon of multi-sectoral joint publications is becoming more frequent;the policy subject is mainly notification type,guiding policy dominates,and the policy effectiveness is low;policy themes are stable;policy tools are mainly control tools;The policy guarantee purpose is relatively complete.In phases,from 1949 to 1977,the policy focused on guaranteeing women’s reproductive benefits;insufficient attention was paid to women’s welfare;the government departments lacked cooperation,the number of joint documents issued by multiple departments was small;the policy subjects were more balanced and the policy documents were highly effective;women’s welfare policies were fragmented.From 1978 to 2011,the policy focused on women’s labor protection;attention to women’s welfare increased;the number of multi-sectoral joint publications increased and departments cooperation began to strengthen;the policy genres were diversified and the effectiveness of the document is reduced;women’s welfare policies were presented non-integrated features.From 2012 to 2020,the policy focuses on guaranteeing women’s health welfare,the emphasis on women’s welfare is further increased;the philosophy of government collaboration is strengthened,the policy genres are more standardized,the number of policy documents on different genres varies greatly;and the text effectiveness is low;the types of voluntary tools are diversified;women’s welfare policies are moving towards a systemic path.The mechanism behind the changes in women’s welfare policies is very important.Starting from the two frameworks of Weber’s tool rationality and value rationality,this article analyzes the reflection of tool rationality and value rationality in women’s welfare policies at three different stages.Through analysis,it’s found that the current women’s welfare policy system has problems such as insufficient policy documents and unbalanced use of policy tools etc.In response to these problems,suggestions for improving the women’s welfare policy system have been put forward.