A Study On Socialist Equality Theory Of Analytical Marxism

The disintegration of the Soviet Union and the drastic changes in Eastern Europe have brought huge losses to world socialism.The world socialist movement has encountered a low ebb,and the traditional socialist theory represented by the Soviet model has encountered unprecedented challenges.In contrast,with the development of the capitalist economy,various social problems and contradictions have become increasingly prominent.In particular,the growing gap between the rich and the poor in capitalism has led to continuous social conflicts.Many contemporary left-wing scholars have begun to reflect on the development of capitalism,looking for a new model of the socialist system that replaces capitalism.As representatives of analyzing Marxism,Cohen and Roemer are also committed to the research on the theory of future socialism as an alternative to contemporary capitalism.Compared with other scholars in the analysis of Marxism,they have systematically and compared the theory of socialist equality.The results of concentrated research have had an important impact in the academic world.Their research on socialist equality theory mainly includes two aspects:one is to reconstruct the socialist equality theory based on the development of contemporary capitalism and to absorb and learn from contemporary Western egalitarian theories;the other is to construct a socialist ideal model that conforms to socialist equality..This article is mainly to analyze the theoretical construction of socialist equality by Cohen and Roemer,the representatives of analyzing Marxism,and try to systematically study their redefinition of socialist equality and the construction of the ideal model of socialism.The main content of the article consists of two parts:(1)Cohen and Roemer’s redefinition of socialist equality.What kind of equality does socialism pursue?Through the choice of Rawls’ "basic benefits" and equals and the reference to Dworkin’s theory of resource equality,Cohen proposed the "advantage gain equality" that compensates all"involuntary disadvantages".Based on contemporary egalitarian theories,Roemer agreed that the injustice of today’s capitalist society can no longer be simply attributed to the existence of exploitation.For socialism,the elimination of exploitation does not mean the realization of social justice.On the basis of absorbing and drawing on the theory of egalitarianism,Roemer proposed that socialist equality can only be a form of equality of opportunity.The socialist equality of opportunity can make an accurate distinction between choice and luck,so as to ensure the substantial equality of every member from the starting point.(2)Cohen and Roemer’s design of the socialist ideal model.Cohen proposed that camping travel is more in line with people’s ideal socialist model,because in camping travel,the principle of "equality" and the principle of "sharing" can work together,and these two principles are also required by socialism.The principle of equality here is equal opportunities for socialism.Cohen believes that in a society,even if socialist equality of opportunity is fully realized,inequality will occur due to people’s different choices and luck.Great inequality will undermine the socialist community consciousness.Therefore,Cohen Advocating the use of the principle of "sharing" to suppress the generation of huge inequality.Roemer re-examined the reasons for the disintegration of the Soviet Union and pointed out that the fundamental problem was the abandonment of the market.The market is essential to the development of socialism.In Roemer’s view,in addition to the market,any other short-term socialist proposals are utopias.In view of this,Roemer has constructed a(coupon)market socialist model of securities that balances efficiency and equality,and uses the market to stimulate efficiency.Guarantee equality with public ownership,and strive to achieve equality of opportunity for socialism.Cohen and Roemer actively learn from the research results of contemporary Western egalitarianism,which has important theoretical and practical significance for the reconstruction of socialist equality theory.It is undeniable that this reconstruction also has certain limitations.On the one hand,this limitation comes from the misunderstanding of Marx’s theory.On the other hand,they continue the research path of liberalism.They understand socialist equality only from the perspective of rights,but do not grasp the true connotation of socialist equality.At the same time,in the process of constructing the socialist model,they overemphasized the role of rational construction and neglected the investigation of the inevitability and reality of socialism,and they easily fell into the quagmire of utopianism.