The Study On Mechanism Of Area-based Management Tools Of BBNJ

The international community has paid great attention to the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity beyond areas of national jurisdiction.Areas beyond national jurisdiction refer to the "high seas" and the "international seabed area" defined in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea in 1982,which contain rich biological resources and have important ecosystem services,but are increasingly affected by human activities and navigation in today’s society.As one of the most important issues in the international marine field,the construction and development of area-based management system,including high seas protected areas,has attracted worldwide attention.The first session of the BBNJ intergovernmental negotiations,held at United Nations Headquarters from 7 to 13 September 2018,discussed the elements of the "package" agreed in 2011,which included,in relation to the area-based management systems(ABMTs)The objectives of area-based management,the relationship with other protected areas,the framework,the process of establishment and the principles of area-based management,including marine protected areas,have been clearly discussed,but no unified decision-making opinions have been formed,which also makes the area-based management system in the future.These uncertainties are also the major problems that all countries in the world need to face and solve together as the frontier in the field of international law of the sea.Without the existence of a good and stable institutional framework,the regionalized management will not be able to run and develop smoothly.Therefore,this paper aims to construct the framework of regionalized management system,and elaborates it from five aspects: decision-making system,sharing system,financial system,monitoring and evaluation system and compliance system.The article is divided into four parts.The first part is the location of BBNJ zoning management system.This section consists of five sections.They are the development of BBNJ international agreement,the basic content of BBNJ zoning management system,including the definition and classification of zoning management system,the basic position of the parties to BBNJ international agreement,the relationship between zoning management system and high seas protected areas,and the significance of zoning management system to BBNJ.This chapter from the main aspects of the specific introduction,thus laying the theoretical foundation of zoning management system.The second part is the introduction and evaluation of the five regional management systems.The main content is to put forward the relevant theoretical basis of each system according to the three intergovernmental meetings held by BBNJ and the draft agreement,and put forward the corresponding evaluation according to the actual situation.The third part is based on the analysis and reference of the existing international treaties related to the area-based management system,including international treaties and regional treaties,although the contents of these treaties can not be directly used as the direct basis of the area-based management system,but they have laid a solid theoretical source for the development of the area management system.The fourth part is the suggestion of BBNJ zoning management system.The content of this chapter is based on the deficiencies and deficiencies of the five systems discussed above,and then put forward the corresponding improvement suggestions of each system,hoping to promote the further development and growth of area-based management system including marine protected areas.