“Political Accountability” From The West To China’s Conceptual Transformation

Political accountability is an important system formed by modern society to form a stable political order and realize good public life.It is rooted in the contradiction between the public nature of political power and private possession,and has far-reaching significance for the construction of democratic politics and the cultivation of political ethics.This paper combs and analyzes the relevant systems and theories of political accountability in the West and China.With the political form of "state-party",competitive political party system,press freedom system,the principle of the division of powers and checks and balances as the logical preset,western society has formed a political accountability mechanism based on electoral accountability,parallel accountability and social accountability,focusing on the role of the public,parallel institutions,media,social groups and other foreign forces.China has formed a political accountability system with the party-party accountability of the ruling party as the core and social accountability as the auxiliary system on the premise of the political form of "party-state",cooperative political party system,party management media and vanguard party construction.Through the analysis of the text of the Regulations on accountability of the Communist Party of China,the following conclusions are drawn: First,the internal party accountability,as represented by the Regulations on Accountability of the Communist Party of China,revolves around the political responsibilities of political parties and falls within the scope of political accountability.Second,the concept of "political accountability" has been realized from the West to China: the transformation of the main object,the transformation of the mechanism,the transformation of the process.The main object transformation refers to the lack of corresponding system supply for heterogeneity accountability in China,so political accountability has realized the transformation from heterogeneic accountability to allogeneic accountability,mechanism transformation refers to the vertical accountability mechanism from "bottom-up" to "top-down",social accountability from "disorderly accountability" to "orderly accountability",and the process transformation refers to the transition from paying attention to "first half of the article" to "concern" of the second half of the article.Among them,"the first half of the article" refers to the punishment of the official who made the mistake,and the "second half of the article" refers to the care and warning education of the official who made the mistake.Western political accountability revolves around strict accountability and punishment,with greater emphasis on the release of the mandatory force of accountability and attention to the "first half of the article".In its long-term political practice,China has explored the principle of combining "punishment before and after" with "cure and save people",and paid attention to writing the "big article" of accountability from the perspective of the whole article,which not only maintains the continuity and stability of the political system,but also guarantees the orderly realization of China’s responsibility politics.The academic rationale of this article originates from the academic circles’ local thinking on political science research and the long-term experience of Chinese political development,and is directed by the system design of the difference between China and the West and the limited interpretation power of the concept of "political accountability" to the Chinese experience.