Study On The Cultural Remains Of Hongshan And Its Unearthed Jade Ware At The 16^th Site Of Niuheliang

Niuheliang site is a typical site of the late Hongshan Culture and an important site for the discovery of neolithic jade wares in northeast China.According to the existing research results,each location Niuheliang beam construction,use and development process are different,16 of these locations is a large sacrifice Niuheliang beam site area accumulation relations more complex place,carries on the system research,contributes to an understanding of Hongshan culture and Hongshan period after the change of the society development in western Liaoning.Based on the Niuheliang-Hongshan Cultural Site Excavation Report,this thesis divides the Hongshan cultural remains into five stages according to the layer relationship and relic materials of the 16th site,and makes a specific analysis of the typical relic phenomena.Meanwhile,the functional properties of the related relics（79F1,H97 and H98）were further studied.As the main relics of Hongshan culture,tombs can reflect the thoughts and behavior patterns of our ancestors.In this thesis,15 tombs are classified and classified,the characteristics of tombs at different stages are analyzed and discussed,and the jades unearthed from different types of tombs are sorted and integrated,so as to find the relationship and change rule between the types of tombs and jades.On this basis,the thesis re-examines the types and functions of jade excavated from the 16th site,so as to distinguish the system of using jade and the social situation.In addition,the thesis makes an analogical study on the shape,size and craft of jade articles（jade bi,jade ring,beveled barrel）that have been used for a long time,and reveals the historical background,cultural tradition and religious connotation reflected behind the jade articles from the evolution law.In the late period of Hongshan culture,the climate was suitable,the vegetation grew luxuriant,and the livelihood mode began to diversify.The abundant food resources and stable living environment promoted the great development of the society.The 16th site of Hongshan Cultural relics reflects the new social situation,such as the emergence of social division of labor,marked differentiation of classes and the perfection of religious system.With the continuous advancement of the process of social civilization,the Wizard class,which integrates religious religious power and secular royal power,began to come into being.