Research On Practice And Experience Of Labor Education In Shanghai Primary And Secondary Schools （1949-1966）

Entering the new era,the Party Central Committee with General Secretary Xi Jinping as the core attaches great importance to labor education and emphasizes it as an important part of comprehensive education,highlighting the status of labor education in the education system.The great importance of the party and state leaders has promoted the academic review of labor education research,but the current academic research on labor education,especially the labor education practice in specific historical periods and specific regions,is very rare.Based on the current situation of academic research,this article starts from the analysis of Marxist-Leninist labor concept and lab education concept,orgrasps the development thread of Marxist labor education concept,and combs the theoretical source that guides labor education practice in our country.On this basis,from a micro perspective,the specific practice of labor education in Shanghai’s primary and secondary schools from 1949 to 1966 was explored,and the practical experience of labor education in Shanghai’s primary and secondary schools during that period provided historical enlightenment for labor education in the new era.The main body of the thesis first analyzes the source of labor education theory and practice in my country-Marxist-Leninist labor concept and labor education view.The concept of "labor" always occupies an important position in the theoretical system of Marxism,and labor has different connotations in different perspectives of Marxism.The specific manifestation is: in the perspective of historical materialism,Marx and Engels consider labor as the connotation It lies in the creation of history and the creation of human beings by labor;in the perspective of political economy,Marx and Engels believes that the meaning of labor lies in the creation of value;in the perspective of scientific socialism,the meaning of labor lies in the liberation of labor.Labor education based on the concept of "labor" is a concrete manifestation of the Marxist labor concept in the education field.The Marxist labor education concept that advocates the combination of education and productive labor and promotes the overall development of people has laid a foundation for the labor education practice in socialist countries.Theoretical basis.Lenin applied the Marxist labor education concept to labor education practice in exploring the establishment and governance of the Soviet regime.In practice,he formed a more specific and more practical labor education thought.Lenin’s labor education thought is mainly reflected in the necessity and importance of labor education,the method of labor education,the direction of labor education,and the object of labor education.Guided by Marxism-Leninism,since the founding of the Communist Party of China in 1921,the party has also attached great importance to labor education in its ruling practice.It has carried out labor education practices in the Central Soviet Area,the Anti-Japanese Base Areas,and the liberated areas,accumulating certain experience for labor education.Theory guides practice.On the basis of grasping the theoretical origin of labor education in our country and the labor education practice of the Communist Party of China before the founding of the People’s Republic of China,this article divides the investigation of labor education practice and experience in Shanghai elementary and middle schools from 1949 to 1966 into three parts.The first part focuses on the analysis of the implementation of labor education in primary and secondary schools in Shanghai during that period.Starting from the historical materialism,according to the specific social and historical background and existing historical data of this period,this article divides it into "preliminary exploration,inheritance and development"（1949）.-1957)and "continuous adjustment and establishment of a system"（1958-1966）.The thesis specifically analyzes the implementation background,implementation methods,outstanding features,implementation effects and existing problems of labor education in Shanghai primary and secondary schools at each stage.Based on the analysis of practice in the first part,the second part further summarizes the practical experience of Shanghai’s primary and secondary labor education at the leadership level,method level,system level,guidance level,and social public opinion level during this period,providing labor education in the new era.Reference from historical experience.The third part puts forward six practical enlightenments to promote the development of labor education in the new era based on the practice and experience of labor education in Shanghai primary and secondary schools: to ensure the relative independence of labor education,give full play to the function of labor education,and follow the laws of labor education and integrate into the new era.The characteristics and content of the times;relying on new media platforms to shape the social atmosphere that advocates labor;improve the implementation and guarantee mechanism of labor education in the new era to ensure that the goals of labor education are in place;combine regional advantages to carry out labor education activities to achieve unity and diversity Combine.