The Epistemological Turn Of Strict Science ——On Husserl’s Breakthrough In Metaphysics In The Way Of Transcendence

Natural science requires its own knowledge system to be strictly clear,which requires a strict epistemological philosophy as the basis.Husserl’s phenomenology is to explore a path that can generate strict science.In his view,only philosophy as strict science is the real first philosophy.Since the turn of modern epistemology,philosophy has been discussing what is truth and how to understand truth scientifically.Born out of religious theology,metaphysics since modern times contains three basic elements: self,nature and God;Epistemology must also examine three main points,namely,cognitive subject,cognitive object and cognitive truth standard.Therefore,metaphysical epistemology generally takes self as the cognitive subject,nature as the cognitive object,and God as the guarantee of truth.If we find a cognitive method that can realize the clear connection of the logic of the three elements,it means that there is and only one logic that is true and absolute,and this logic will become scientific logic,which is the goal of metaphysicians.In order to find a philosophical path that can generate strict science,Husserl investigated the philosophers in history in the first philosophy.Metaphysicians construct scientific knowledge system based on self,nature and God respectively,which forms three exploration paths,but their attempts have failed.Husserl analyzed the reasons for the failure of these philosophers and realized that the philosophy of strict science must not be metaphysical,which made the path turn of philosophy a necessity.Therefore,it can be said that the first philosophy reflects the psychological process of Husserl’s path exploration,and strict science calls for the generation of a new path.After Husserl’s investigation,this inevitable turn must be based on transcendentalism.In order to remove all suspicious impurities and make the growth of science "clear and transparent",we must re-examine the relevant items of Epistemology:1.What is "ego" for the cognitive subject? How can the ego achieve Transcendence on the premise of ensuring strictness? 2.What is "cogito" about the method of cognition?What method should be used to ensure clarity in cognitive activities? 3.What is the "things ego cogitated" for the object of understanding? How to clarify the essence of the cognitive object? 4.For the right of truth: what kind of truth is the truth of phenomenology? How does truth transcend itself? It is impossible to satisfy these clarity without going through a complete path turn.The turn of phenomenology is of epoch-making significance.It has formulated a logically clear constitution for strict science.Only through the investigation of phenomenology can strict science become possible,and such science is the real science belonging to human beings.