Artificial Intelligence Ethics Research From The Perspective Of Mind Phenomenology

ContentArtificial intelligence ethics is a hot topic in current ethics research,and its core question is whether artificial intelligence can act as a moral subject and participate in moral practice.The crux of this core question is how is "movement" possible? The phenomenology of mind can give us inspiration to solve this problem.At present,the mainstream view in the academic circle is that artificial intelligence does not have a moral consciousness similar to that of human beings,so it cannot participate in moral practice as a moral subject;however,some other scholars see that artificial intelligence is very likely to have in the future development.Similar to the moral emotion and moral will of human beings,it has become a super-powerful moral subject on an equal footing with,or even surpassing,human beings.In view of the fact that artificial intelligence is at the forefront of scientific and technological development,and the ethical issues caused by artificial intelligence have attracted much attention at the factual level,the author,from the perspective of the phenomenology of mind,observes the ethics of artificial intelligence,and tries to make an analysis of the ethics of artificial intelligence in the future.The construction of this paper provides ideological resources and research paths that can be used for reference.This article explores the question of whether artificial intelligence can act as a moral subject and participate in moral practice from four parts,trying to answer if an artificial intelligence can act as a moral subject,then what kind of artificial intelligence should it be.The first part starts from the ethical issues caused by artificial intelligence and discusses the ethical challenges of artificial intelligence,including current ethical issues and potential ethical threats.The key point is to elicit the challenge of artificial intelligence to human moral subjectivity.The second part explores the ethical basis of artificial intelligence: How is "machine mind" possible?In order to compare the characteristics of human mind with artificial intelligence,this paper resorts to phenomenology of mind: first,from the perspective of phenomenology of mind,it briefly traces back people’s understanding of the source of the subject’s intuition,emphasizing that mind is the important core of human moral subject;Secondly,by examining the unique cognition of mind in phenomenology of mind,it focuses on describing the essential structure,universal occurrence and essential intuition of consciousness(mind).On the other hand,we use the identifiable kernels of consciousness(heart),self-consciousness,moral emotion and other identifiable cores to examine the "human-machine debate" to demonstrate the existence of artificial intelligence.The problem may be the key or the opportunity for artificial intelligence to become a moral subject.The "machine mind" needs to complement the key core of the human heart to become what it is.The third part is the torture of artificial intelligence ethics by phenomenology of mind.First,discuss the dilemma of four AI normative ethical theories,including Asimov’s three laws,Kantian deontology,utilitarianism,and Confucian ethical principles(Confucian robots),showing that there is no universal AI ethical rule Second,discuss the dilemma of meta-ethics.The problem of symbol landing is directly related to whether the artificial intelligence agent can understand the ethical rules,and the framework problem is directly related to whether the artificial intelligence agent can effectively implement the ethical rules.Finally,it is necessary to respond to how artificial intelligence understands moral principles and conducts ethical practices with the idea that artificial intelligence is "mind has reason rather than mind is reason".The fourth part is to introduce the phenomenology of mind-nature to try to construct artificial intelligence ethics.First,the inspiration for the construction of "machine mind" : the three kinds of "the foundation of occurrence","the foundation of structure" and "the foundation of dynamic" of conscious activity.The foundational order is regarded as the basic fulcrum and elastic framework of artificial consciousness conception;the temporal structure of artificial intelligence mind is developed with the essence of temporal consciousness,so that it can obtain sufficient morality which must be contained in temporal wisdom.Secondly,the enlightenment of mind-nature phenomenology to machine ethics: the application of the phenomenological concept of "conscience" and the restoration path of the intentional experience of "sympathy".Finally,try to construct two artificial intelligence future scenarios and imagine artificial intelligence ethics 3.0.In short,while deeply understanding the ethical risks and moral status issues caused by artificial intelligence,this paper attempts to propose a possibility that,although it seems weak at present,is worth thinking about after all.Artificial intelligence may have the status of moral subject in the near future and be able to carry out moral practice like humans,and the phenomenology of mind-nature can give us a unique ethical perspective to examine the ethical issues of artificial intelligence.