The Influence Of Procedural Fairness And Social Distance On Children’s Inequity Aversion

Social equity is a beautiful vision of mankind.Studies have shown that procedural justice can reduce adults’ aversion to unfair outcomes,and social distance can moderate individuals’ aversion to unfair outcomes.However,how procedural justice and social distance play a role in children’s aversion to unfair outcomes and their visual cognitive mechanisms are unknown.In order to solve the above problems,based on previous studies,this study intends to combine behavioral experiment method,eye movement tracking technology and a variety of experimental tasks to explore the behavioral mechanism and visual cognitive mechanism behind the effects of procedural justice and social distance on children’s unfair aversion.In Experiment 1,the ultimatum game task paradigm was used to explore the effect of procedural justice on children’s unfair aversion.The results showed that 7-8years old group had more unfair aversion.The adverse unfair aversion appears earlier than the favorable unfair aversion.The fair procedure can stimulate the unfair aversion of children more than the unfair procedure.Procedural fairness had a greater effect on 7-8 year old children’s aversion to injustice.Based on Experiment 1,Experiment 2a used the ultimatum game task paradigm to explore the effects of procedural justice and social distance on children’s unfair aversion.The results showed that children aged 7-8 had more favorable unfair aversion than children aged4-5.The fair procedure can arouse children’s unfair aversion more than the unfair procedure.When the subjects faced the close social distance,they showed more favorable and unfair aversion;In the face of distant social distance,people will show more negative and unfair aversion;Compared with close social recipients,children are more affected by procedural fairness when sharing resources with distant social recipients.Compared with the 4-5 year olds group,the effect of procedural fairness on the unfair aversion of 7-8 year olds group was greater.In Experiment 2a,no interaction was found in the 4-5 year old group,so in Experiment 2b,only the 7-8year old group was selected,and the same experimental task as in Experiment 2a was used to explore the evidence of eye movement behind it.Integrating the three experiments,we find that: favorable unfair aversion occurs later than unfavorable unfair aversion;The fairer the procedure,the more distasteful the child is to the unfair distribution scheme and the longer the fixation time is;Far social distance stimulates unfavorable unfair aversion,while near social distance stimulates favorable unfair aversion.Children pay more attention to other people’s resources than to their own.The revelation of behavioral and visual cognitive mechanism completely presents the early development trajectory of human individual unfair aversion,which is conducive to promoting the development of children’s fair behavior,and provides an empirical basis for front-line workers to promote children’s moral education.