| Temporal binding refers to subjectively compression of time interval between voluntary action and action-outcome,and represents an implicit measure of sense of agency.Previous studies have explored the influence of emotional valence on temporal binding under the premise that emotional valence was predictable or unpredictable.However,the influence of predictability of emotional valence on temporal binding is still unclear.Therefore,the following three studies were designed:In the study 1,30 healthy undergraduates were selected.Using the Libet clock paradigm to investigate the influence of predictability of emotional valence on temporal binding in the auditory stimulus condition,the occurrence probability of auditory stimulus with negative,neutral and positive was manipulated.The results showed that,the predictability of emotional valence of action-outcome did not affect temporal binding in the auditory stimulus condition.In the study 2,another 30 healthy undergraduates were selected.Using the Libet clock paradigm to investigate the influence of predictability of emotional valence on temporal binding in the visual stimulus condition,the occurrence probability of visual stimulus with negative,neutral and positive was manipulated.The results showed that the predictability of emotional valence of action-outcome did affect temporal binding in the visual stimuli condition.The temporal binding was significantly stronger when the predictability of emotional valence was predictable than when it was unpredictable.In the study 3,comparing the performance of temporal binding in the auditory and visual stimulus condition,in order to examine the sources of the influence of predictability of emotional valence on temporal binding.The results showed that the predictability of emotional valence affected temporal binding,temporal binding was enhanced when the emotional valence of action-outcome was predictable,at a marginal significant level.The different results between study 1 and 2 may be due to the lack of prior learning of probability information.Secondly,there was significant different effect of emotional valence on temporal binding between auditory and visual stimulus condition.The results showed that the temporal binding had no significant difference between different emotional valence in the auditory stimulus condition;but in the visual stimulus condition,the temporal binding was enhanced when the action-outcome was negative.The difference in stimulus modality is mainly reflected in the influence of emotional valence on temporal binding.In a word,the predictability of the emotional valence of action-outcome influences the temporal binding,and the temporal binding is stronger when the emotional valence is predictable than when the emotional valence is unpredictable.But there is a difference between the auditory and visual modality,in which compared with the auditory stimulus condition,the temporal binding is significantly enhanced when the predictability of emotional valence is predictable. |
