The Research Of Characteristics Words Of Weihai Dialect

"Weihai dialect characteristic words" are the words or structures that are used in Weihai dialect but not used or seldom used in other areas.They are the words or structures that are widely used and generally consistent in the four dialects of Weihai(Huancui,Wendeng,Rongcheng,Rushan),and relatively rare in the dialects of other areas.This paper takes the "characteristic words of Weihai dialect" as the object of investigation,and based on the theory of " characteristic words of dialect",defines the " characteristic words of Weihai dialect",acquies the corpus through field investigation,carries on the research from two levels of synchronic and diachronic,and compares part of the characteristic words of Weihai dialect and Yantai dialect vocabulary.Specifically including:The first part is the introduction,this part defines the main concepts of this paper,and introduces the research object,significance and methods.In addition,the current research situation of the academic circle is summarized from three perspectives,namely,the current research situation of Weihai dialect,the current research situation of domestic dialect vocabulary and the current research situation of "dialect characteristic words",which provides a basic direction for the follow-up development of this paper.The second part is the first chapter of the body,which is the process of corpus investigation and statistics.When investigating the phonology,Huancui dialect was selected as the representative dialect of Weihai dialect,and we investigate the phonology of Huancui dialect.The investigation of Weihai dialect characteristic words is mainly based on field investigation,supplemented by questionnaire survey.In the end,263 Weihai dialect characteristic words were collected,including 220 relational characteristic words and 43 individual characteristic words.The third part is the second chapter of the main body,which is a synchronic study of the characteristic words of Weihai dialect.The phonetic part mainly selects the retroflex final and the tone-sandhi phenomenon which is obvious in the auditory sense.The word formation aspect is classified according to the different word formation methods of the dialect words,and the structural types of different words are analyzed.The semantic aspect is mainly studied according to the relevant theoretical viewpoints of "lexical semantics" and "cognitive linguistics".The fourth part is the third chapter,which is a diachronic study of the characteristic words of Weihai dialect.According to the time dimension,they can be divided into inherited words,variant words and innovative words.Consulting the definition and usage of the different word in different literatures,and compared those with the current meaning and usage of the word in weihai dialect,the two are basically the same as the inherited words,and the two words are not totally the same as variants,words that cannot be retrieved from the literature and has the following three features are innovation word: common Chinese morphemes are used to form new words,adjectives with local affixes,and specific appellations for certain things or people.The fifth part is the fourth chapter of the text,which chooses the external dialect area to carry on the comparative study.Given the fact that Yantai dialect and Weihai dialect belong to the same one dialect area,and we choose two dialects to compare them based on the theory of "Chinese dialect vocabulary differences" related views,according to two dialect vocabulary differences in performance,this paper analyzes the reasons of difference,the commonness and individuality of dialect vocabulary to comparative analysis of two or more or less features,provides the basis of vocabulary to dialect belongs to partition problems.Finally,the conclusion part mainly summarizes the research situation,and explains the innovation and shortcomings of this paper.