An Analysis On The Ditransitive Construction Of Ji Chun Tai

This paper will use Goldberg and Haspelmath’s theory of ditransitive construction to study the ditransitive construction in Ji Chuntai,the representative corpus of Southwest Mandarin in the late Qing Dynasty.After study,we can find the ditransitive construction in Ji Chuntai mainly includes three constructions:dative construction,secondary object construction and double object construction.According to the statistics,The main prepositions that enter the dative constructions in Ji Chun Tai include“Yu”,“Gen”,“Xiang”and“Yu”,which form the syntactic expressions“P（preposition）+R（recipient）+V（verb）+T（theme）”and“V+T+P+R”,"V+T+介+R"can also be expressed as“V+T+介+R+VP2”.The object object can be a non-physical noun,and the derivation of the object involves both discourse domain derivation and non-spatial domain derivation.The semantic types of verbs in the with-gram structure involve a total of eight categories:giving,obtaining,communicated message,future having,instantaneous causation of ballistic motion,continuous causation of accompanied motion in deictically-specified direction,creation and naming,among which the verbs of giving andverbs of communicated message are used with high frequency.The secondary object constructions in Ji Chun Tai are"P+T+V+R"and"V+R+P+T",of which the prepositions that can enter"P+T+V+R"are“Yi”,“Jiang”and“Ba”.The only preposition that can enter"V+R+介+T"is“Yi”.In the“Yi”,“Jiang”and“Ba”types of sentences,the object T can be an animate noun;the derivation of the object includes the derivation of the discourse domain and the derivation of the non-spatial domain.The object can be an inanimate noun.The object derivation includes both discourse domain derivation and non-spatial domain derivation.The object can be a non-living entity noun.Syntactic forms:all three can form“P+T+V+R”and“V+T+P+R+VP₂”,in addition,the“Yi”category can also be expressed as“V+R+Yi+T”and"“Yi+T,V+R”.The semantic types of secondary object structures involve a total of six categories::giving,obtaining,communicated message,future having,instantaneous causation of ballistic motion,naming.among which verbs giving and verbs of communicated message are used with high frequency.The two main types of double object constructions in Ji Chun Tai are“V+T+R”and“V+R+T”.The“V+R+T”double-object constructions accounts for the majority of the sentences,and in addition to the typical meaning-giving double-object sentences,there are also nominal-quantity double-object sentences and information-transmission double-object sentences.There are only four cases of“V+T+R”double-object constructions in Ji Chun Tai.The semantic types of verbs that enter into the double object structure in Ji Chun Tai are giving,obtaining,communicated message,future having,instantaneous causation of ballistic motion,creation,and the predominant ones are giving and communicated message.The statistical analysis of the three ditransitive constructions and verb semantic types in Ji Chun Tai shows that the dative construction is used most frequently in followed by the secondary object construction and finally by the double object construction.Among the semantic types of verbs that enter these three structures in Among the Ji Chun Tai,the verbs of giving is used most frequently,followed by the verbs of obtaining.In addition,the verbs of continuous causation of accompanied motion in deictically-specified direction and the verbs of creation cannot enter into the secondary object construction.And the verbs of instantaneous causation of ballistic motion,the verbs of continuous causation of accompanied motion in deictically-specified direction and the verbs of naming do not enter into the double object construction.The core semantic meaning of the double object construction is to express the meaning of“giving”,while the meaning of“obtaining”and“communicated message”are marginal semantic meanings.