| The broad sense suona timbre only represents this musical instrument timbre,but the suona,as the Chinese national wind instrument,has the multitudinous performance skill and the musical instrument type.At present,the professional suona sector recognized by the suona timbre and musical instrument timbre two kinds.The timbre mainly depends on the suona playing skills,the instrument timbre mainly depends on the type of suona.Music is the art of emotion,compared with other types of emotional stimulation has its own unique complexity.Martin(1990)’s research shows that using music to induce emotion can basically achieve the success rate of 80%,is a very ideal means of emotional inducement;A study by Clark(1983)also confirmed that music as a stimulus material can absolutely cause changes in emotional states.At present,domestic researchers pay more attention to the influencing factors of music emotion,especially in the aspect of music noumenon.As one of the musical noumenon elements,timbre has its special musical significance.As an important carrier of human emotion communication,music’s main function is to induce and regulate emotion.The emotion evoked by music and the emotion experienced by the audience correspond to each other.In the study of music psychology,timbre as an Elements of music is an area of great interest and has a significant impact on emotional experience.In the present research,the research on timbre mostly focuses on the comparative study of the timbre of Chinese and western musical instruments or the comparative study between two kinds of musical instruments.The research on the psychological and neural mechanism of the timbre of Chinese national wind instruments is not enough,and there is no clear operational definition and systematic mechanism analysis of the timbre.In order to further explore the psychological mechanism of the influence of the timbre of national musical instruments on the emotional experience,this study takes the Chinese national wind instrument(suona)as the research object,and the playing timbre and the musical instrument timbre of suona as the starting point.In the first experiment,a questionnaire star was used to make an electronic questionnaire to complete the behavior experiment.To compare the emotional experience intensity induced by suona finger and tongue skills,and to examine whether there are differences in emotional experience intensity between music and non-music majors in the timbre of suona performance influenced by suona finger and tongue skills In Experiment 2,an electroencephalogram(EEG)experiment was conducted using the E-prime program and the ERPS technique to examine the differences between the two tone-color versions of the suona in high and low tones in presenting the same musical composition,differences in listeners’ behavioral responses and neural activity in the brain related to emotional experience of music.Based on the previous research experience,the pre-experiment first recorded 20 pieces of music materials with different finger and tongue skills under the condition of the same melody and single tone,in the second experiment,20 pieces of music with happy and sad mood were assessed,and 40 pieces of emotional music with different timbres were recorded.There were two formal experiments in this study: Experiment 1 was a mixed experimental design of suona playing skills(finger and tongue)× 2 professional types(Music Majors and Non-music Majors).The independent variables were suona playing skills and professional types,which were divided into two levels,the dependent variable was the intensity of the subject’s emotional experience,which was used to judge the rationality of the experimental operation.The subjects’ emotional experience intensity was used to judge the rationality of the experimental operation.In this experiment,we focus on the changes of the tone color of suona playing caused by finger and tongue techniques.The behavioral responses of listeners in the intensity of music emotional experience were compared when the same melody was presented by different techniques.The results showed that:(1)There is significant difference between the two kinds of techniques of using finger and tongue to affect the intensity of emotion experience.(2)Both music and non-music majors scored higher on the emotional experience intensity of tongue skills than finger skills.(3)The subjects of music major scored higher on the emotional experience intensity of tongue skills than those of non-music major.In Experiment 2,two suona types(high-pitched suona and low-pitched suona)× 2emotion types(happy emotion and sad emotion)were used in the experimental design.The independent variables were suona type and emotion type,which were divided into two levels,suona in treble and suona in bass and suona in happy and sad,respectively.The dependent variables were the intensity of emotional experience,the degree of pleasure,and the judgment of the emotions of happy and sad,the subjects’ emotional experience intensity was used to test the validity of the experimental hypothesis.In this experiment,we focus on the differences of suona instrument timbre caused by high and low suona.Compare the high-pitched suona and the low-pitched suona in the same emotional type(happy or sad)of music clips,who is more suitable for expressing happy mood music or sad mood music? The results showed that:(1)The difference of timbre between the high and the low of the same instrument does not cause the change of EEG amplitude.(2)The high-pitched suona is stronger than the low-pitched suona when playing musical pieces with the same happy mood.(3)The bass suona is stronger than the treble suona when playing musical pieces with the same sad mood.(4)The subjects’ score of high-pitched suona was significantly higher than that of low-pitched suona.To sum up,this study proves that there are significant differences in the effects of the timbre of suona playing and suona instrument on music emotional experience through two experiments.The findings of this study are helpful to clarify the underlying neural mechanism of tone color affecting emotional experience,and provide behavioral and brain activity evidence for the differences in emotional experience processing of music It provides positive examples and important theoretical supplements for the psychological research on the timbre of Chinese national wind music and the theoretical research on the neuromechanism of musical emotion,it also provides the corresponding theoretical basis for comparing the timbre of other similar national musical instruments with that of Western musical instruments.At the same time,it provides reference and help for the suona players to improve the timbre and choose different kinds of suona according to different emotional music.It is helpful for music makers,music performers and music appreciators to broaden their creative thinking,enrich their music practice and improve their music aesthetics in the study of the timbre of national wind instruments.In order to enhance the practical value of suona in music emotion regulation,the comprehensive and systematic research on suona timbre is carried out. |
