The Effect Of Hypnotic Suggestion On Vocabulary Memory And Self-reference Memory

Hypnosis has been widely used in many fields,and memory is an important issue in learning,however,the results of previous studies on the effect of hypnosis on memory are not consistent.Based on literature analysis,we found that the inconsistent use of hypnotic phase by researchers may be an important reason for inconsistent research results.In addition,previous studies have found that learning materials associated with self will produce better memory effect,that is,self-reference effect.However,based on previous findings on the psychological characteristics of hypnotized people under hypnosis,hypnotized people gradually enter the hypnotic state and pay all their attention to the instructions of the hypnotist,so that they focus on a narrow field of consciousness and lose their realistic self-awareness,leading to the decline of self-awareness.So what are the characteristics of the self-reference effect under hypnosis? The current study used two experiments to explore the effects of hypnosis induction and hypnotic suggestion on vocabulary memory,and further investigate the influence of hypnosis on self-reference effect.In Study 1,2(state of consciousness: hypnotic group,awake group)× 2(hint: Yes,no)between-groups design was adopted.The dependent variable was the accuracy of vocabulary recognition.The results show that there are significant differences between the hypnotic suggestion group(hypnotic induction with suggestion)and the hypnotic induction group(hypnotic induction without suggestion),the awake suggestion group(no hypnotic induction with suggestion)and the awake without suggestion group(no hypnotic induction without suggestion),The main performance is that the word recognition rate of the hypnotic suggestion group is significantly higher than that of the other three groups,but there is no significant difference among hypnotic induction group,awake suggestion group and awake without suggestion group.This result shows that only hypnotic suggestion can promote vocabulary learning.In Study 2,the mixed experimental design of 2(state of consciousness: Hypnosis,wakefulness)× 2(coding condition: Self,others)was adopted.in which the state of consciousness was the between-groups variable,the coding conditions was the withingroups variable,and the dependent variable was the correct rate of vocabulary recognition,including two indicators,namely item recognition rate and source recognition rate.The results showed that the self-reference effect disappeared under hypnosis,but remained stable under wakefulness.Under the self-coding condition,there was no significant difference in word recognition rates between the hypnotic group and the awake group;Under the condition of general others coding,there was a significant difference in the word recognition rate between the hypnotic group and the awake group,and the word recognition rate of the hypnotic group was significantly higher than that of the awake group.This result shows that compared with awake state,hypnotic state does not further promote the memory of words under self-coding condition,but can significantly promote the memory of words Under the condition of general others coding.In conclusion,the results of the two studies indicate that hypnotic suggestion can effectively promote students’ memory of words,but fails to promote self-related words memory.The present study further enriches the role of hypnosis and self-reference in promoting learning,and also provides a reference for the application of hypnosis and selfreference.