A Study On The Difficulties In The Acquisition Of Initials By Chinese Elementary Level Learners In Moldova

The author of this article went to the Confucius Institute at the Free International University of Moldova in Eastern Europe in September 2019 to teach Chinese.When teaching adult learners with zero basic Chinese learners,I found that Moldovan Chinese learners have some representative words in the process of acquiring initials.Difficulties and rules of bias.According to the information and literature available to the author,no experimental research on the initial acquisition of Chinese learners in Moldova has been found.This article mainly uses the methods of comparative analysis and phonetic experiments to study the initial acquisition of the Chinese elementary level learners in Moldova,where they are difficult,and the reasons for the difficulties.First,using the method of comparative analysis,a more detailed analysis of the differences between Chinese initials and Romanian consonant systems is carried out,and the similarities and differences between Chinese initials and Romanian consonant systems are analyzed.According to the difficulty level model theory,Chinese initials learning in Moldova is predicted.Secondly,with the help of Praat software analysis,record the actual pronunciation of the initial Chinese learners of the Confucius Institute at the Free International University of Moldova;based on the generation of broadband sonograms,the Chinese pronunciation of the experimental group and the control group From the comparison of human speech data,we found the actual situation of initial Chinese learners in Moldova in acquiring initials,researched and analyzed the difficulty of acquiring initials by Moldovan Chinese learners,and what factors affected the learners’ difficulty in initial acquisition.The research in this article has the following conclusions:First,according to predictions and phonetic experiments,the order of initial Chinese proficiency for Moldovan learners from easy to difficult: m,n,f,l,h> sh,s> x,c,z,zh,ch> j,q,g,k,b,p,d,t> r.Second,the reasons for the difficulty of initial Chinese learners in Moldova in acquiring the initials are mainly affected by linguistic factors and other non-linguistic factors.The negative transfer of mother tongue and target language interference in language factors have caused great obstacles to Chinese learners in Moldova.Third,the difficulty of initial Chinese learners in Moldova in acquiring the initials is specifically manifested as: voiced unvoiced consonants,confusion of aspirated and non-aspirated sounds,and difficulty in pronunciation of the initials r.Finally,through the above research and analysis,this article puts forward specific suggestions for the difficulties and difficulties of initial Chinese elementary level learners in Moldova,and designs a corresponding teaching case design.