Research On Lanzhou Prices And The Living Conditions Of Public And Educational Staff(1937-1949)

Civil servants and teachers are two elite classes in the society of the Republic of China.Civil servants are the ruling basis of the government and the link between the government and the people.Teachers play the role of educating the people and leading the people’s heart,both of which are indispensable factors in the process of government operation.Before and after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War,the Nationalist Government formulated a series of salary and welfare policies to guarantee the life of the missionaries,but their living conditions gradually deteriorated without exception.During the Anti-Japanese War,Lanzhou became the ideal living place for the people in the eastern and other occupied areas because the war had not spread for a while.In addition,the status of the rear area in the northwest of the Anti-Japanese War was prominent,and the military and administrative organs of the Nationalist Government settled in Lanzhou,which made the non-agricultural population in Lanzhou increase,the difficulty of self-sufficiency in production and the contradiction between supply and demand intensified.The currency issued by the Kuomintang government and various national salvation bonds circulated in Gansu province for many times,and the government of Gansu province also issued currency and national salvation bonds for several times,resulting in currency devaluation,inflation and fluctuating prices.Especially influenced by price,civil servants in the provincial capital lanzhou life fell into great trouble,the government and the lanzhou city,gansu province government to improve their living conditions,in addition to the implementation of the national government’s wage and welfare policy,and formulated a series of conforms to the gansu province feeling welfare policy,though these policies exist in the process of the implementation of the specific problems,but to a certain extent,ease the civil burden of life,has provided the safeguard for the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in full.After the victory of the Total War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,the living conditions of the missionaries in Lanzhou were improved for a time.However,with the outbreak of the Civil War,the price rose more sharply than before,and the life of the missionaries fell into difficulties again.According to the price index at that time,the Kuomintang government and Gansu provincial government adjusted the salary and welfare policies of the public missionaries on the original basis.However,compared with the period of the all-out Anti-Japanese War,the academic research subsidies for teachers were cancelled,and the welfare measures in medical and educational aspects were also much worse than before.During this period,on the whole,the government’s salary system for the public priests was relatively perfect,thus guaranteeing the basic living needs of the general public priests to a certain extent.In short,the national government and the government in gansu province in comprehensive in order to improve the civil servant’s life before and after the victory of the war effort is commendable,but in the process of policy implementation of the problems of the civil servant to own career has also had a great doubt,gradually produce dissatisfaction to the national government at the same time,the attitude of the national government by hope turned into disappointment and even despair,finally rather than alienation,become the centrifugal force of the national government.