Study On The Qichun Dialectal Words And Expressions Shown In Zen Literatures

Zen Buddhism originated and flourished in southern China,and its language has strong characteristics of Southern spoken Chinese.The Fourth patriarch,Daoxin,as well as the Fifth patriarch,Hongren,practiced Zen in Huangmei,and the Sixth patriarch,Huineng,also studied Zen there.Huangmei belonged to Qizhou in ancient times and is adjacent to Qichun today.Zen culture and its language should also have an impact on Qichun.Huang-Xiao region has its characteristic dialect,as it was at the border of Wu and Chu in ancient times,and is now located in the boundary region between Hubei,Jiangxi and Anhui.Therefore,some dialectal words and folk words in Zen literature are also reflected in Qichun dialect,which can be used as reference for each other.The thesis focuses on the textual criticisms and explanations of such words in Zu Tang Ji and Jing De Chuan Deng Lu.These words or phrases are divided into chapters based on word class,49 in total.The chapter Substantive Words and Phrases mentions 8 nouns,"胁、索、叫子、瓶嘴、汗衫、水牯牛、爷、话头",1 quantifier,"转",2 time words,"明朝、向前",1 locative word,"里头",and 2 phrases,"明朝后日、百年后".The chapter Predicative Words and Phrases mentions 10 action verbs,"把、择、拈、掇、漉、屙、逗、躂、嗢哕、醭",3 auxiliary verbs,"得、消、听",1 adjective,"冷秋秋",and 9 phrases,"打野、着力、剃头、托生、款话、转来/转去、不造声、抱卵/抱子、没心迹".The chapter Preposition and Modal particles mentions 1 preposition,"似",and 3modal particles,"着、在、好".The chapter Adverbs and Pronouns mentions 4 adverbs,"可杀、总、在处、莫",and4 pronouns,"渠、个、几多、作摩/么（生）".On the basis of the basic interpretation of the above words,with the help of dictionaries,corpora and other tools,a further in-depth analysis of the original words,etymology,evolution path and the current situation of the use of some words can be made by using the means of examining and distinguishing glyphs,dialect corroboration,mutual reference of Zen texts and the methods of modern cognitive linguistics.For example,"胁"is supposed to be the original word of[?iε⁴³]in Qichun dialect word[（?）iε⁴³?an²³],and the reason as well as extended path of its metonymy from body part to related verb meaning can be analyzed;the original word of"逗"meaning“piecing together and combination”is"鬭",and the original word of"醭"meaning“saliva overflows from the mouth”is"（?）";how imperative sentences ending with"着","在"or"好"show in contemporary Qichun dialect can be explored,etc.