A Study On The Stance Markers Of I+Perception Verb In Media Register

Worenwei,wojuede,woxiang and wokan are respectively composed of the first-person pronoun I and perception verb renwei,juede,xiang and kan.They are a common group of stance markers in Chinese,which can substitute one another,but not always.These four stance markers have their own features and irreplaceability.Taking the talk show Qiang Qiang San Ren Xing in the Media Language Corpus(MLC)as the corpus of this paper,we investigate the characteristics of the use of stance markers worenwei,wojuede,woxiang and wokan,summarize the differences in their propensity and mutual exclusion,and discuss the uniqueness of their usage in the media register.We analyse the differences in propensity of the four stance markers in sentence collocation,speech act,stance and social distance.There are four main findings.First,when combined with imperative sentences,worenwei and wojuede are more often combined with verbs expressing necessity,while wokan tends to co-exist with other markers with similar functions.Second,worenwei guiding suggestion behavior is more frequent.Evaluation behavior and wojuede and worenwei co-exist more.Woxiang is more used to guide the judgment of possibility and mental activity than the other three stance markers.When the four stance markers guide appraisal behavior,they are mostly neutral appraisal.Thirdly,worenwei and wokan are more often used in the case of inconsistent positions.Fourth,when the social distance between the two sides is long,the speaker uses woxiang most frequently.On the contrary,when the social distance between the two sides is close,the speaker uses wokan the most.There are also mutual exclusion among the four stance markers,mainly reflected in syntax,semantic assurance and continuous use.First,in terms of sentence collocation,woxiang can be combined with ma interrogative sentence,interrogative pronoun marked interrogative sentence and unmarked interrogative sentence under certain conditions,which is beyond the other three stance markers.In terms of location distribution,woxiang and wokan can not be used attributively.Only wojuede can be followed by sensory verbs(phrases).When wokan guides the judgment of psychological activities and possibilities,it needs to have certain restrictions.And wokan is generally close to the semantic center of the sentence.Secondly,the degree of the semantic assurance of worenwei and wokan are higher than wojuede and woxiang.However,when we examine the co-occurrence of the four phrases,we find that there is no significant correlation between the collocation tendency of the markers with different intensities of certainty and the degree of the semantic assurance of the four phrases.The reason for this phenomenon is: in the real communication situation,when the two sides of communication are far away from each other in the social relationship,or when they express the inference of psychological activities,possibilities and other subjective events,or when they suggest others to do something,they usually integrate low assurance elements into the context of high assurance,which is used to build a relaxing communication environment or reduce the power of judgment.If there is no such special communicative situation,the assurance of the stance and the context should be consistent.Third,there are different rules in the continuous use of the same and different stance markers.When the same stance marker is used continuously,wojuede has more distinctive features.At the same time,the functions of worenwei and wokan are more similar when using repeatedly,and wojuede and woxiang are closer.In the continuous use of different stance markers,among all the forms of collocation,wojuede-worenwei is the most common,wojuede-woxiang is the most common in the parallel form,and wojuede-worenwei appears the most in the conclusion-argument type and the thinking process-conclusion type.In the process,we also find some rules of the four stance markers in their usage habits.In addition,worenwei and wojuede can be combined in the form of A-B-A,but no other stance markers have been found to be matched in this form.Finally,by analyzing the use of the four phrases by the host Dou Wentao,we also find that wokan is more colloquial,worenwei can better reflect the control of the conversation scene.The two have some similarities in reflecting the user’s personality,which is more sharp.At the same time,the expression of stance has certain characteristics in the media register,and the spokesperson may express different opinions on purpose for the effect of the program.In addition,we compare the usage of wojuede in media register,film and TV play script and natural spoken language,and find that the characteristics of media register are as follows.First,media register emphasizes opinions and topics,but weakens interpersonal relationship.Second,media register also has the characteristics of topic concentration and rhythm compactness.Referring to the findings of the ontological study,we further investigate the inclusion of the stance markers of I+perception verb in the syllabus and textbooks,and put forward corresponding suggestions.