Study On Qinghai Agricultural Reclamation In 1920s-1940s

The agricultural reclamation activities in Qinghai can be traced back to Zhao Chongguo’s garrison reclamation in Huang Shui basin in the Western Han Dynasty.After the establishment of the Republic of China,when Qinghai area was under the management of Gansu Province.Qinghai’s agricultural development was slow,and the reclamation of wasteland was mostly spontaneous.After the establishment of Qinghai Province in 1929,with the improvement and promulgation of organization,policies and laws,the agricultural development gradually on right way.The government began to organize people designedly to cultivate wasteland and colonize in the less developed agricultural areas.After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression,the Nationalist Government decided to use the northwest as a rear area to support the war,and Qinghai Province thus gained a lot of attention.A large number of government officials and scholars went to Qinghai for field investigation,and offered suggestions for the cause of Qinghai’s reclamation.Under the impetus of the national development of the northwest,the government of Qinghai Province carried out the work of clearing the land.The area of arable land and agricultural output continued to rise in the 1930 s.After the 1940 s,people’s attention to the northwest gradually cooled,the Qinghai government also gradually slowed down the agricultural development,and the agricultural reclamation activities of Qinghai Province evolved into the government’s formal and formulaic means in accumulating wealth.The first chapter is the background of Qinghai agricultural reclamation in the period of the Republic of China.This chapter combs the important reclamation activities in Qinghai from Han Dynasty to Qing Dynasty..Analyzing the background of the times in which the cause of agricultural reclamation in Qinghai is concerned.The second chapter is people’s planning and design of Qinghai agricultural reclamation in the period of the Republic of China.This chapter based on the articles and treatises on Qinghai reclamation published in newspapers and magazines of the Republic of China.Choosing the point of view that the discussion was concentrated and representative at that time.First,it shows the connection and interaction between reclamation activities and other undertakings.The second is to show people’s different attitudes and views on the same issue,highlighting the value of the debate at that time.The third chapter is the practices of land reclamation in Qinghai during the period of the Republic of China.Before the establishment of Qinghai province,the reclamation work was in charge of Gansu Province,and few actual results were achieved.After the establishment of Qinghai Province,the policies and decrees of agricultural reclamation were constantly promulgated,the functions and powers of the administrative organs of reclamation affairs were gradually reduced,and the work contents were gradually clarified.The investigation of wasteland and the work of land clearing were carried out in an orderly manner.A large number of wasteland were found out,which promoted partly the agricultural development of Qinghai Province.Behind the appearance of agricultural development,the "abortion" of Sun Dianying’s reclamation plan and the failure of Ma Buqing’s reclamation action show the suppression of Kuomintang factional struggle on the cause of agricultural reclamation,and the catalytic effect of political pressure on the deterioration of agricultural reclamation action.The fourth chapter is the analysis of Qinghai agricultural reclamation activities during the Republic of China.Driving by cultivation of land and related activities,the area of cultivated land and grain output in Qinghai Province reached a historical high in the 1930 s.Through the analysis of the population in Qinghai province during the period of the national government,it is found that there were no large-scale resettlement activities in Qinghai province advocated by the people.In the late 1930 s and early 1940 s,the increasing deviation between the practice of agricultural reclamation and its initial planning,coupled with the corruption of bureaucrats and landlords,accelerated the decline of agricultural reclamation and level in Qinghai Province.