A Study Of Korean-chinese Contact Based On Korean Chinese Source Words

This research studies the contact mechanism between Chinese and Korean at the lexical level through sorting out and analyzing Korean words of Chinese origin.As a native Korean speaker,the author used Korean textbooks to sort out Korean words of Chinese origin that Koreans believe come from Chinese.Then phonological features and word types of these Chinese-originated Korean words were systematically analyzed.Firstly,this study summarizes how the Chinese language has influenced the Korean vocabulary system through Chinese characters during different historical periods in Korea,outlines the influence of Chinese characters incorporated into Korean throughout different historical periods in Korea,and summarizes the changes that occurred.It also explains the influence of the"initial law"and"Sai-sori phenomena"in the Korean phonological system on the pronunciation of Korean characters,which also influence the pronunciation of Chinese-originated words in modern Korean.Secondly,this study summarizes the relationship between the disyllabification in Chinese,Korean,as well as Korean words of Chinese origin.First,it introduces the reasons why Chinese vocabulary has been di-syllabified in the course of time,and also discusses the status of disyllabic units in Korean vocabulary disyllabification.Then,the study summarizes previous findings on the comparison of Korean words of Chinese origin and Chinese words,and explains the concepts of Korean words of Chinese origin and Unique Korean Chinese words.The major part of this thesis is based on Easy Knowledge Dictionary of Chinese Characters published by the famous Korean education company"Daekyo",which includes the commonly used modern Korean words of Chinese origin,as well as Chinese-originated terms used in Korean news and journals.The author referred these words to the national standard by the Ministry of Education of South Korea and looked up their corresponding translation equivalents of Chinese origin.Our analyses also sorted out the colloquial expressions and idioms commonly used in Korean that are of Chinese origin.We made use of these data to analyzed the use of words and morphemes of Chinese origin in contemporary Korean.The characteristics of the Chinese-originated Korean words were analyzed in terms of syllable structures and word types.The author first referred to Standard Chinese Dictionary of the National Academy of Korean Language to verify the Korean vocabulary.Then regarding the corresponding Chinese vocabulary,lexical meaning and pronunciations were sorted according to the electronic dictionary on the official NAVER website of South Korea.At the end,based on the Modern Chinese Dictionary(7^th ed.)and Chinese Dictionary,the author proof-read and adjusted the part of bi-lingual vocabulary where the Korean and Chinese counterparts did not match each other completely.In this procedure,Chinese words that had been grossly marked as adjectives were sub-divided into two word classes,attribute words（属性词）and（other general）adjectives,according to Modern Chinese Dictionary(7^th ed.).Based on this large set of aligned data,the study analyzed the syllabic and word-class distributions of Korean words of Chinese origin,and compared them against their modern Chinese translation equivalents.On this basis,how the Korean words of Chinese origin and their Chinese translation equivalents match each other were then compared,and the contact-linguistic mechanisms that can account for such distribution patterns were discussed.This part includes descriptive statistics for the phonological and word-class distributions of Korean words of Chinese origin as well as those of their Chinese translation equivalents.During this process,the study first classifies and analyzes words belonging to one-single,double and multiple Korean word classes.Then on the basis of these word-class statistics,the study examines the distribution of Korean-Chinese word-pairs that are completely matched,partially matched,and completely unmatched in their word-types.In addition,we also discussed two special subjects,which include a Korean-specific word class and its relation with words of Chinese origin,as well as the Korean words originated from Chinese"de（的）"-structure phrases.Finally,according to the"Swadesh core vocabulary list",we analyzed the Korean core words and core morphemes respectively.The distributions of Chinese-originated morphemes and words in the morpheme-list and word-list were also analyzed.On this basis,this session discusses the mechanisms and corresponding social rules involved in vocabulary borrowing between two long-term co-evolving but unrelated languages.