Type And Film: The Text-image Relationship Of Pamuk

Ferit Orhan Pamuk is a writer with a strong artistic temperament.His jobs as the architect and painter of his former life help to add more artistic elements in his literary writings.He called himself a "graphic writer".He devoted himself to the experimental literature writing,and used novels as the experimental field of his artistic practice.His works often included black-and-white photography,woodblock,self-made illustrations,illustrations of history books,and other kinds of artworks.They are like the mosaic collage,which displays a kind of "picturesque beauty".In 2006,he won the Nobel Prize for Literature for his graphic book Istanbul--Memories of City,and more researchers from all over the world began to pay attention to his work.Reviewing Pamuk’s literary writings,we can find there are many works which related to images,directly or indirectly.The images can be seen as a "second world" of Pamuk’s text.In this paper,some of the image-text works will be used,including "Istanbul:Memories and City,the Museum of Innocence,My Name is Red and Snow.Besides,the books of Pamuk’s literature writings inspirations,such as Other Colors: Essays and Stories and The Naive and Sentimental Novelist will also be used in research.There are three purposes of the research.Firstly,the characteristics of Pamuk’s text-image relationship will be discussed.Secondly,how Pamuk reshapes the space,time,memory,and watch ways by text-image narrations will be analyzed.Thirdly,the later changes of text-image narrations of Pamuk will be analyzed before discussing the new kind of multimodal narration,also a kind of post-modernity writing pattern which used by Pamuk.The previous theories of the text-image relationship,space,time,memories,and the gaze provide the theoretical background of this paper.The texts and images in Pamuk’s works are not simply juxtaposed.They belong to a discourse system which he built.This system involves many different areas,such as politics,culture,memories,emotions,powers,reification,and fiction.The whole research paper can be divided into three parts.The first part mainly focuses on the various combination of “texts” and "images".The five possibilities of the relationship will be discussed in Pamuk’s works,namely "intertextuality","mosaic","negation","repair" and "interval".In the second part,four areas are mainly discussed,namely,"co-exist spaces made by text-image narration","intersecting time constructed by text-image narration" and "mixing memories made by text-image narration" and "watch ways reconstructed by text-image narration".In each part,the space,time,memories and watch ways constructed by image or text will be discussed respectively,and finally the co-existence of texts and images will be analyzed.In the last part,Pamuk’s future developments of the relationship of text-image will be analyzed,the future narrative modes will be explored.The post-modernity characteristics of the new narrative modes in his works will be analyzed.Pamuk’s new narrative modes can be used to analyze the future possible forms of postmodern literature(such as the combining of photography,paintings,museums,objects and other creative modes with literature writings),and the deeper meaning of authors,readers and literary itself.