On The Dilemma And Transcendence Of Sidgwick’s View Of Happiness

Happiness is what people pursue.Many scholars have discussed it throughout the ages and formed different views of happiness.These views of happiness have played an important role in guiding people in their pursuit of happiness.Among them,utilitarian views of happiness have great influence.However,with the development of the times and the limitations of theory,the utilitarian outlook on happiness has been criticized in theory and encountered difficulties in reality.This has to reexamine the plight of the utilitarian outlook on happiness and try to get rid of these dilemmas from different aspects.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze it systematically.Utilitarianism itself is divided into classical utilitarianism and modern utilitarianism,and Sidgwick as a representative of classical utilitarianism,his view of happiness has a role in inheriting the past,choose to study from his view of happiness,to a certain extent.Revealing the plight of the utilitarian outlook on happiness is of theoretical significance to the systematic analysis of the utilitarian outlook on happiness.Surpassing his view of happiness,trying to solve the predicament of the view of happiness from different aspects,has certain practical significance,can solve the confusion people encountered in the pursuit of happiness,establish a correct concept of happiness,and better guide people pursue a happy life.By revealing the dilemma of Sidgwick ’s view of happiness,and on this basis,discusses the transcendence of Sidgwick’s view of happiness.The main dilemmas of his concept of happiness are:1.The quantitative analysis of happiness cannot prove the rationality of maximum happiness;2.The contradiction between personal happiness and social happiness cannot be coordinated;3.The contradiction between religious sanctions and atheistic position cannot be resolved;4.A moral evaluation criterion that breaks through monism of consequence.In response to his theoretical dilemma,utilitarianism has revised it internally,mainly from action utilitarianism and rule utilitarianism.Their revisions are mainly based on breaking the moral evaluation criteria of monism of consequence,but the dilemma still exists.Utilitarianism criticized and transcended it from the outside,mainly represented by Williams,Rawls and Sandel,and achieved transcendence based on criticism.Although their transcendence solved some dilemmas,it was not systematic.Therefore,try to realize the transcendence of Sidgwick ’s view of happiness from the perspective of Marxism.In view of the plight of Sidgwick ’s view of happiness,on the basis of absorbing previous solutions,we move forward one step,emphasizing the foundation of happiness,criticizing blind pursuit of happiness maximization caused by the quantitative calculation of happiness,replacing spiritual satisfaction with material enjoyment;taking the real person as the subject of happiness,affirming the reality of the person,denying the abstract person as the subject of happiness;attaching importance to practice,through labor in practice obtain happiness;the ultimate goal of pursuing happiness is not to maximize happiness,but to enable individuals to fully exert value in society,thereby creating a happy society and achieving the coordinated development of personal happiness and social happiness.Realizing the transcendence of Sidgwick’s view of happiness from different aspects has enriched Sidgwick’s view of happiness to a certain extent,so that it can radiate new value in the present and better guide people’s lives.Sidgwick ’s view of happiness still has an impact on people ’s lives today.The paper hopes that through theoretical revisions,people can correctly understand the utilitarian view of happiness and base on practice to better solve the difficulties encountered in the pursuit of happiness.To achieve a happy life.